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AP Psychology > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Nature

A

Genetic or hormone-based behaviors

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2
Q

Nurture

A

Environment and experience (the way their were raised)

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3
Q

Parenting Styles (Diana Baumrind)

A
  • Permissive
  • Authoritative
  • Authoritarian
  • Uninvolved
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4
Q

Permissive

A

Low Demanding
High Responsiveness

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5
Q

Authoritative

A

High Demandingness
High Responsiveness

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6
Q

Authoritarian

A

High Demandingness
Low Responsiveness

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7
Q

Uninvolved

A

Low Demandingness
Low Responsiveness

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8
Q

Harry Harlow

A
  • Attachment
  • separated monkeys to judge attachment to mother figure (cruel)
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9
Q

Mary Ainsworth

A
  • Measured security of attachment in 1-2-year-olds.
    3 Attachment Types
  • Secure Attachment
  • Ambivalent Attachment
  • Avoidant
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10
Q

Secure Attachment

A

Distress when mom leaves, avoid strangers when no mom present, happy to see mom when she returns (most cases)

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11
Q

Ambivalent Attachment

A

Significant distress when mom leaves, fear of the stranger without mom, wants mom but rejects contact (mad).

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12
Q

Avoidant

A

No interest when mom leaves, happy with strangers, ignore mom when she returns.

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13
Q

Konrad Lorenz

A

Imprinting (the first thing they see they become attached)

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14
Q

Jean Piaget

A

Discontinuity State Model (Cognitive Development Theory)
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete Operational
- Formal Operational

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15
Q

Sensorimotor

A

Birth to 2
- child does not think
- Object Permanence
- Schema

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16
Q

Object Permanence

A

Ability to recognize things you don’t see still exists

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17
Q

Schema

A

broad concept (children just now put it together)

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18
Q

Preoperational

A

2-7 Years of age
- Sense of Self
- Egocentrism
- Theory of Mind
- Animistic Theory
- Centration
- Conservation

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19
Q

Sense of Self

A

Ability to recognize that you are a person

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20
Q

Egocentrism

A

Inability to see from another person’s POV

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21
Q

Theory of Mind

A

Ability to recognize others have thoughts, feelings, and emotions too.

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22
Q

Animistic Thinking

A

Believing everything has thoughts, feelings, and emotions

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23
Q

Centration

A

Ability to solve problems but only from one angle.

24
Q

Conservation

A

Determine that a certain quantity will remain the same despite adjustment of the container, shape, or apparent size.

25
Q

Concrete Operational

A

7-12 Years
- children struggle with abstract concepts
- good with logic

26
Q

Formal Operational

A

12+ years
- thinks logically and abstractly

27
Q

Lev Vygotsky

A
  • Jean Piaget was wrong
  • Babies do think
  • children develop cognitively faster that previously thought
28
Q

Zygotes

A

Fertilized egg, divides into 2 cells

29
Q

Teratogens

A

Factors that contribute to birth defects (alcohol, tobacco, pollutants, HIV, Maternal Diseases)

30
Q

Rooting Reflex

A

Auto, unlearned response of a newborn to a gentle stimulus applied to the corner of mouth or cheek, in which the infant turns his or her head and makes sucking motions.

31
Q

Fetal

A

Next step after embryo

32
Q

Embryo

A

Mass of cells

33
Q

Moral Development

A

As we grow how does our right vs wrong belief change and why

34
Q

Lawrence Kohlberg

A

Heinz Dilemma

35
Q

Heinz Dilemma

A

Made up story about a man whose wife is sick, a drug can help but he can’t afford it, no matter what, should he steal it?
- Preconventional
- Conventional
- Post Conventional

36
Q

Preconventional

A

Stage 1 - Obedience and Punishment Orientation
Stage 2 - Individualism and Exchange

37
Q

Obedience and Punishment Orientation

A

Kid is good to avoid punishment, if punished they did wrong (egocentrism) (no steal drug)

38
Q

Individualism and Exchange

A
  • child realizes not 1 way to live given by the authority. Different people have different POVs.
  • do for me, ill do for you
39
Q

Conventional Level

A

Stage 3 - Good interpersonal relationships
Stage 4 - Maintaining Social Order

40
Q

Good Interpersonal Relationships

A

child is good to be seen as good (approval from others) (middle school)

41
Q

Maintaining Social Order

A

child becomes aware of societies wide rules and laws to avoid guilt.

42
Q

Post Conventional Level

A

Stage 5 - Social Contract and Individual Rights
Stage 6 - Universal Principles

43
Q

Social Contract and Individual

A

Laws exists for other people but can also work against them at times (all situational)

44
Q

Universal Principles

A

Own set of moral guidelines that might not fit the law.

45
Q

Carol Gilligan

A
  • Kohlberg’s test was based on men not women
  • Women are more empathetic faster than men.
46
Q

Erik Erikson

A
  • Neo-Freudian, not just children
  • Crisis
    S1 - Trust vs. Mistrust
    S2 - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
    S3 - Initiative vs. Guilt
    S4 - Industry vs. Inferiority
    S5 - Identity vs. Confusion
    S6 - Intimacy vs Isolation
    S7 - Generativity vs. Stagnation
    S8 - Integrity vs Despair
47
Q

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

1st relationship (can we build trust, are our needs met?)

48
Q

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

A

Learning to do things themself (learning to be independent)

49
Q

Initiative vs. Guilt

A

Learn to be out alone (pre-school), can I make friends?

50
Q

Industry vs. Inferiority

A

“Am I smart or dumb compared to others” (school age)

51
Q

Identity vs. Confusion

A

try to figure out who they are and their impact (Adolescent)

52
Q

Intimacy vs. Isolation

A

Can make lasting relationships (Young Adult)

53
Q

Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

Questions impact on the world (Mid-life crisis)

54
Q

Integrity vs. Despair

A

Last part of life (regrets? goals?)

55
Q

Albert Bandura

A

learn through observation (Mental state affects learning)

AP Psychology (8 decks)

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