Lecture 1

Question 1

4 assumptions of science

Answer 1

• Reality is perceived through our 5 senses
• Universe runs on fixed natural laws
  (“the present is the key to the past”)
• all events have a cause. Those events cause other events
• good logic = good conclusions

Question 2

Uniformitarianism

Answer 2

“The present is the key to the past”

The processes that form Earth’s materials now is the same process that happened millions of years ago

Question 3

Scientific method

Answer 3

Step-by-step method for testing ideas with observations

Question 4

Hypothesis vs. Theory

Answer 4

Hypothesis is an educated guess which can be tested bases on logic

Theory is a well-tested and widely accepted explanation

Question 5

Two types of logic. Explain both.

Answer 5

Induction: learning the rules based on observations

Deduction: using established rule to explain observation

Question 6

Geology is the study of the Earth’s…

Answer 6

• materials
  
  • Gases, liquids, solids
• processes
  
  • dynamic interactions between materials (i.e water and rock cycle)
• history
  
  • uniformitarianism