Chapter 2

Question 1

Infectious disease

Answer 1

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of harmful organisms within the body.

Question 2

Eustress

Answer 2

A beneficial response to a stressor.

Question 3

Distress

Answer 3

A negative response to a stressor.

Question 4

Wellness

Answer 4

The active pursuit of a state of good health.

Question 5

Resilience

Answer 5

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from stress.

Question 6

Stress management

Answer 6

Refers to the tactics that have been shown to alleviate or eliminate stress reactions.

Question 7

Communicable disease

Answer 7

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

Question 8

Communicable disease

Answer 8

A disease that can be spread from one person to another.

Question 9

Infection

Answer 9

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organism such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of a disease.

Question 10

Pathogen

Answer 10

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.

Question 11

Contamination

Answer 11

The presence of pathogens or foreign bodies on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body.

Question 12

Exposure

Answer 12

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that may allow disease transmission to occur.

Question 13

Donning

Answer 13

Putting on PPE

Question 14

Doffing

Answer 14

Taking off PPE

Question 15

What is the most effective way to control the transmission of disease?

Answer 15

Hand washing

Question 16

Direct contact

Answer 16

Occurs when an organism is moved from one person to another though touching without any intermediary.

Question 17

Bloodborne pathogens

Answer 17

Microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans.

Question 18

Indirect contact

Answer 18

The spread of infection from a patient with an infection to another person through and inanimate object.

Question 19

Airborne transmission

Answer 19

Spreading an infectious agent through mechanisms such as droplets or dust.

Question 20

Immune

Answer 20

The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.

Question 21

Host

Answer 21

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.

Question 22

What if you are exposed to a patient’s blood or body fluids?

Answer 22

Turn over a patient’s care to another EMS provider as soon as possible. Wash hands with soap and water. Activate your unit’s infection control plan.

Question 23

What are the seven common hazards in a fire?

Answer 23

Smoke, oxygen deficiency, high temperatures, toxic gases, building collapse, equipment, explosions

Question 24

Cover

Answer 24

An impenetrable barrier for protection (stops bullets).

Question 25

Concealment

Answer 25

Hiding behind objects to limit a person’s ability to see you.

Question 26

What are the five stages of grief?

Answer 26

Denial, anger/hostility, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Question 27

What does “On Death and Dying” by Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross reveal?

Answer 27

Her theory on the five stages of grief.

Question 28

General adaptation syndrome

Answer 28

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alert response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.

Question 29

Acute stress reactions

Answer 29

Reactions to stress that occur during a traumatic situation.

Question 30

Delayed stress reactions

Answer 30

Reactions to stress that occur after an incident.

Question 31

Cumulative stress reactions

Answer 31

Prolonged or excessive stress (builds up).

Question 32

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 32

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm.

Question 33

Critical incident stress management (CISM)

Answer 33

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.

Question 34

Burnout

Answer 34

A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long term job stresses in health care and other high stress professions.

Question 35

Compassion fatigue

Answer 35

A disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time; also called secondary stress disorder.

Question 36

Sexual harassment

Answer 36

Any unwelcome sexual advance, request for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when submitting is a condition of employment, submitting or rejecting is a basis for an employment decision, or such conduct substantially interferes with performance and/or created a hostile or offensive work environment.

Question 37

Two types of sexual harassment

Answer 37

Quid pro quo and hostile work environment.

Question 38

Standard precautions

Answer 38

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

Question 39

Designated officer

Answer 39

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.

Question 40

Hepatitis

Answer 40

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.

Question 41

Infection control

Answer 41

Procedure to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel.

Question 42

Vector-borne transmission

Answer 42

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.