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Ansc 201 > Animal Products and Overview > Flashcards

Animal Products and Overview Flashcards

1
Q

Cattle Genus

A

Bos

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2
Q

Cattle Newborn

A

Calf

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3
Q

Cattle Mature Male

A

Bull

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4
Q

Cattle Mature Female

A

Cow

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5
Q

Cattle Young Male

A

Bull calf

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6
Q

Cattle Young Female

A

Heifer calf

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7
Q

Castrated male cattle

A

Steer

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8
Q

Birth process for cattle is called?

A

Calving

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9
Q

Dog Genus

A

Canis

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10
Q

Newborn Dog

A

pup

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11
Q

Mature Male Dog

A

Dog

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12
Q

Young Male Dog

A

Pup

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13
Q

Mature Female Dog

A

Bitch

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14
Q

Young Female Dog

A

pup

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15
Q

Birth process of dogs?

A

whelping

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16
Q

Goat Genus

A

Capra

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17
Q

Newborn goat

A

kid

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18
Q

mature male goat

A

buck

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19
Q

young male goat

A

buck kid

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20
Q

mature female goat

A

doe

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21
Q

young female goat

A

doe kid

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22
Q

castrated male goat

A

wether

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23
Q

The birthing process for goats is called?

A

kidding

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24
Q

Horse Genus

A

Equus

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25
Q

newborn horse

A

foal

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26
Q

mature male horse

A

stallion

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27
Q

young male horse

A

colt

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28
Q

mature female horse

A

mare

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29
Q

young female horse

A

filly

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30
Q

castrated male horse

A

gelding

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31
Q

The birthing process of horses is called?

A

Foaling

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32
Q

Chicken Genus

A

Gallus

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33
Q

Newborn Chicken

A

chick

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34
Q

mature male chicken

A

cock

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35
Q

young male chicken

A

cockerel

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36
Q

mature female chicken

A

hen

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37
Q

young female chicken

A

pullet

38
Q

castrated male chicken

A

capon

39
Q

The birthing process of chicken is called?

A

hatching

40
Q

Sheep Genus

A

Ovis

41
Q

Newborn sheep

A

lamb

42
Q

mature male sheep

A

ram

43
Q

young male sheep

A

ram lamb

44
Q

Mature female sheep

A

ewe

45
Q

young female sheep

A

ewe lamb

46
Q

castrated male sheep

A

wether

47
Q

birth process for sheep

A

lambing

48
Q

Swine Genus

A

Sus

49
Q

Newborn swine

A

pig

50
Q

mature male swine

A

boar

51
Q

young male swine

A

boar pig

52
Q

mature female swine

A

sow

53
Q

young female swine

A

gilt

54
Q

castrated male swine

A

barrow

55
Q

birthing process for swine

A

farrowing

56
Q

Cat Genus

A

Felis

57
Q

Newborn cat

A

kitten

58
Q

mature male cat

A

Tom

59
Q

young male cat

A

kitten

60
Q

Mature female cat

A

Queen

61
Q

young female cat

A

kitten

62
Q

birth process for cats

A

queening/littering

63
Q

Some examples of ruminants (four stomach compartments) or modified ruminants are…

A

goats, deer, cattle, sheep, elk, bison, water buffalos, giraffes, yaks, camels

64
Q

Some examples of monogastrics (one stomach compartment) are ….

A

dogs, cats, chickens, horses, swine, humans, rats, mice

65
Q

What percent of people in the U.S. are involved in agriculture?

A

around 2%

66
Q

What is the average percent of people working in agriculture in the world overall?

A

43%

67
Q

What trend exists between income and supply/consumption of animal products?

A

As income increases, the percent of protein supply from animal sources increases.

68
Q

What trend exists surrounding the size and number of U.S. farms?

A

The number of farms in the U.S. has decreased by half since 1951, but the average farm size has increased.

69
Q

Why are U.S. farms so productive?

A
  1. Free enterprise system encourages productivity and has no quotas on production
  2. Land and climate conditions
  3. Education system provided by Land Grant Schools
  4. Specialization in agribusiness and research
70
Q

What trend exists in the U.S. for percent income spent on food?

A

The percent income spent on food has been dropping for the last 50-80 years. In 2021, 10.3% of personal income was spent on food.

71
Q

What trend exists in people supplied by farm workers?

A

Farmers have steadily supplied more people with food. In 2020, one farmer supplied 166 people with food compared to just 9 people in 1930.

72
Q

What percentage of protein consumed in the U.S. comes from animals?

A

64%

73
Q

What percentage of protein consumed by the world comes from animals?

A

34%

74
Q

What percent of the calorie supply in the U.S. comes from animals?

A

27%

75
Q

What percent of the calorie supply comes from animals for the entire world?

A

18%

76
Q

Which country leads the world in meat production?

A

China

77
Q

What is the leading meat in the U.S. compared to the leading meat in the world?

A

Chicken leads in the U.S. while pork leads in the world.

78
Q

What makes meat an important source for nutrition?

A
  1. Its amino acid assortment most closely matched the needs of the human body compared to plants
  2. Minerals in meat such as iron and zinc, along with vitamins like B12 are needed by humans
79
Q

Which protein is considered to be the “most valuable?”

A

Egg protein, followed by milk protein

80
Q

For what reasons are animals important to humans?

A
  1. food
  2. clothing
  3. work and power
  4. companionship and recreation
  5. Research for human health benefits
81
Q

What percent of the world relies on animals for transportation or work purposes?

A

20%

82
Q

What percentage of homes in the U.S. owned a pet as of 2021?

A

70%

83
Q

Name some research benefits of animals

A
  1. animals serve as models for almost 200 human diseases
  2. artificial organs
  3. transgenic animals - “pharming”: use of animals to produce pharmaceuticals
  4. Xenotransplantation: transfer of animal tissues to humans
84
Q

Consumption trends by animals

A
  1. Beef consumption is decreasing
  2. Poultry consumption is increasing
  3. Pork consumption has stayed relatively the same
  4. Lamb consumption is very low and has stayed that way
  5. Fish consumption has increased
  6. Egg consumption has increased
  7. Consumption of saturated fats has increased as more fats today come from oils or fats than from meats
85
Q

Which domesticated animals are the most prolific, and in which countries?

A
  1. Chicken : China
  2. Cattle : India
  3. Ducks : China
  4. Sheep : China
  5. Swine : China
86
Q

Consumption trends of milk and dairy products?

A
  1. Fluids decreased
  2. Cheese increased
  3. butter increased
  4. yogurt increased
  5. frozen dairy products have decreased
87
Q

Reasons for changing trends in consumption

A
  1. diet, health issues
  2. consumer concerns other ethical production
  3. economics
  4. marketing
88
Q

organic foods

A

are foods that are produced under National Organic Program (NOP) through the USDA; highly regulated

89
Q

natural foods

A

a product containing no artificial ingredient or added color and is only minimally produced; produced in a manner that does not fundamentally alter it; less regulated than organic foods

90
Q

local foods

A

no clear federal definition; different areas have different definitions of what constitutes “local”

91
Q

neutraceuticals

A

functional foods; foods with added health benefits

ex. orange juice fortified with Vitamin D

Ansc 201 (14 decks)

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