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Dent Y3 > Removable Prosthetics > Flashcards

Removable Prosthetics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of a removable partial denture?

A

rests, direct retainers, major connectors, minor connectors, denture base connectors, denture base, teeth

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2
Q

What are Rests?

A

rigid extensions of a partial denture that rest on the occlusal surface and transfer the biting load along the long axis of the tooth

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3
Q

What is the function of rests?

A

provide support and stability and to control the position of teeth

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4
Q

What are Direct Retainers?

A

Clasps - the component of a partial denture that prevents it moving

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5
Q

What is the function of direct retainers?

A

provide retention and stability, control the position of the denture in relation to the teeth

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6
Q

What is a major connector?

A

the big areas connecting two components of a denture together

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7
Q

What is the function of a major connector?

A

Provide support to the teeth and arch and to stabilise the arch

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8
Q

What are minor connectors?

A

Connects the small components (such as rest seats) to the larger components (such as major connectors)

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9
Q

What is the function of a minor connector?

A

Provide stability and bracing

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10
Q

What is a proximal plate?

A

A type of minor connector that prevents forward/backward movement of the denture via contacts with the abutment teeth

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11
Q

What is the function of a proximal plate?

A

provides stability to counteract forward/backward movement and aid retention

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12
Q

What is a denture base connector?

A

the part of the framework where the base of the denture is connected

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13
Q

What is the function of the denture base connector?

A

to allow mechanical interlocking of the acrylic and metal components of the denture

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14
Q

What is the denture base?

A

Where the replacement teeth are

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15
Q

What are the components of clasp assembly?

A

Clasp/retentive element; Opposing Bracing arm; Rest Seat; Proximal Plate

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16
Q

What is the function of the bracing arm in clasp assembly?

A

prevent the retentive arm from moving the teeth

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17
Q

What is the function of a rest seat in clasp assembly?

A

ensures the clasp is in the correct position

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18
Q

What are the steps involved in making a denture?

A

Case Assessment; Primary Imps; Articulation; Surveying; Denture Designing; Mouth prep: Composite Addition, Rest Seat Prep, Guide Plans; Secondary Imps; Metal Try-in; Jaw Registration; Teeth Try-in; Fit of Denture

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19
Q

Why should you articulate models?

A

to replicate the occlusion that is within the patient’s mouth so you can hold the models in the same way each time

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20
Q

When is a tripod contact important?

A

if you have free end saddles

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21
Q

Why is a tripod contact important with free-end saddles?

A

the spaces between the saddle and the opposing arch will not be correct if there is not a tripod contact

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22
Q

How can you create a tripod contact with occlusion containing a free end saddle?

A

using a wax rim

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23
Q

What is the purpose of surveying?

A

to assess the path of insertion/removal of the denture and to seek out undercuts where clasps could engage as well as determining potential guide planes

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24
Q

In which order should you design a denture?

A

kennedy class (saddles), cradock class (support), retention, reciprocation, indirect retention, major connector

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25
Q

Where do you need rest seats?

A

next to every saddle

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26
Q

How many rest seats do you need if the saddle contains multiple teeth?

A

2, one each side

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27
Q

Where do you want a clasp in regard to tooth contour?

A

below the height of tooth contour and above the gingival margin

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28
Q

Does every clasp need a rest seat?

A

yes

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29
Q

Does every rest seat need a clasp?

A

no

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30
Q

What are two types of clasp?

A

gingivally approaching and occlusally approaching

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31
Q

On which teeth would you use a gingivally approaching clasp?

A

canines and premolars

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32
Q

On which teeth would you use an occlusally approaching clasp?

A

molars

33
Q

In which direction must you design gingivally approaching clasps?

A

distal to mesial

34
Q

Does retention or reciprocation go under the height of contour/survey line?

A

retention

35
Q

Does reciprocation or retention go above the height of contour/survey line?

A

Reciprocation

36
Q

What are the maxillary major connectors?

A

anterior-posterior palatal bar, palatal strap, horse-shoe connector, palatal plate, anterior-posterior palatal strap

37
Q

What are the mandibular major connectors?

A

lingual bar, sublingual bar, lingual plate, kennedy bar

38
Q

Which teeth in the arches are least ideal to derive support from?

A

lower centrals and upper laterals

39
Q

Where should the rest be positioned on the most distal tooth next to a free end saddle?

A

mesially

40
Q

What is the exception to positioning a rest next to a free end saddle mesially?

A

if the tooth is mesially inclined

41
Q

What should the functional sulcus depth be for a lingual bar to be positioned?

A

at least 8mm

42
Q

What type of major connector should be used for free-end saddles in the maxilla?

A

palatal plate

43
Q

When must you complete the RPD Design?

A

before taking secondary impressions

44
Q

What are the two rules to follow to ensure preservation of the remaining dentition is achieved?

A

derive maximum support from the underlying anatomy of teeth and alveolar bone, cover as little gingival tissue as possible

45
Q

Why is occlusal loading bad?

A

it will drive the denture base towards the tissues and if there is inadequate support you will damage the tissues around the remaining teeth

46
Q

What is occlusal loading?

A

the amount of force sent through the teeth upon biting

47
Q

do you have to replace everything that is missing?

A

no

48
Q

Which teeth do you never replace?

A

8’s

49
Q

Which teeth do you not replace unless necessary?

A

7’s

50
Q

Why do you try to reduce the amount of weight on the saddles?

A

anything on the saddles will subject tissues to occlusal loading, too much of this causes damage to tissues

51
Q

Where is support derived from?

A

the remaining teeth and the underlying bone

52
Q

What can you do if there is only a small amount of potential support available?

A

consider reducing the load

53
Q

What are three factors to consider when planning tooth support?

A

is the load going to be transmitted through the long axis of the tooth, is there sufficient occlusal clearance for the planned support, is tooth preparation required

54
Q

If you have inclined teeth where you want to place support, what should you do?

A

ensure the load is derived from the occlusal surface through the long axis

55
Q

Where should the load be applied for a mesially inclined molar?

A

distally

56
Q

What does direct retention prevent?

A

displacement of the denture away from tissues by the action of gravity and sticky foods

57
Q

What are retentive factors?

A

things that will keep a denture in place

58
Q

Give three examples of retentive factors

A

contact points, soft tissue engagement of alveolar undercuts, the displacing forces

59
Q

How can contact points act as a retentive factor?

A

they give frictional resistance against displacement away from tissues

60
Q

What is reciprocation?

A

the resistance to lateral displacement on clasped teeth

61
Q

When are clasps active?

A

when inserting a denture, removing a denture, when the denture moves such as when eating

62
Q

What is the purpose of major and minor connectors?

A

provide maximum support, minimal ginigval coverage, provide indirect retention

63
Q

Why is the lower kennedy class 1 partial denture the least worn -/P?

A

difficult to wear as it is difficult to get sufficient retention

64
Q

Are lower canines a good place to derived support? why?

A

no, they have a very steep lingual cingulum meaning the load wouldn’t go through the long axis

65
Q

which is the mandibular major connector of last resort? why?

A

lingual plate as it covers the gingiva

66
Q

List three determinants of occlusion

A

right and left TMJ, neuromuscular system, teeth and prostheses

67
Q

Name the two types of occlusion

A

static and dynamic

68
Q

What are the three aspects of static occlusion

A

centric occlusion, centric relation, retruded contact position

69
Q

State 2 other names for centric occlusion of static occlusion

A

intercuspal position (ICP), maximum intercuspation

70
Q

what is centric occlusion?

A

the position of the mandible when maximal teeth are in position

71
Q

Describe the state of the muscles of mastication when a person is in centric occlusion

A

muscles are in a state of stress

72
Q

state how long an average person holds centric occlusion for per day

A

17 mins

73
Q

state 3 other names for centric relation of static occlusion

A

terminal hinge axis (THA), terminal hinge, retruded axis position (RAP)

74
Q

what is centric relation?

A

the maxillo-mandibular relation when muscles are relaxed and condyles are anteror-superior

75
Q

is there any intercuspation in centric relation?

A

no, no teeth are in contact

76
Q

List a benefit of using centric relation to asses a patient’s jaw relationship

A

will not change even when they have no teeth

77
Q

what is retruded contact position?

A

the first tooth contact in centric relation

78
Q

Describe what it means if all teeth contact at the same time when moving from centric relation to centric occlusion

A

if all teeth are in contact at the same time, the retruded contact position is equal to the intercuspal position

79
Q

Why is it important to ensure the saddles cover as much of the edentulous alveolus as possible?

A

so that the greatest area of bone resists the load applied upon biting

Dent Y3 (23 decks)

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