B7 Flashcards
Whats a non-communicable disease
a disease that can not spread from person to person
how does cancer start
Cancer starts from a change in the DNA causing a mutation which leads to rapid and abnormal growth of cells whihc then forms a tumour these cells then can become cancer as they can be cancerous.
what is a tumour
a group of cells which have grown abnormally which may form a mass or a lump
what is a benign tumour
a tumour which does not destroy the surrounding tissue and doesnt spread around the body
what is a malignant tumour
a tumour which destroys the neighbouring tissues and can spread around the body
what are some of the causes of cancer
age, diet, genetics, smoking, body weight, alchol, sun exposure,
why are malignant tumours dangerous
they can damage healthy organs which can lead to death
what is a carcinogen
anything which has the capability to cause cancer
how can we treat caner and how does it work
radiotherapy - cancer cells are destroyed by targeted doses of radiation
chemotherapy - chemicals which either stop the cells from dividing or cause them to self destruct
surgery - as much as possible of the cancer is cut out
how do malignant tumours spred
they become lodged off from the original tumour and go into the blood vessels where they spread around the body most of the time to the lungs as they get stuck in the alveoli or bronchioli.
why are cigarettes addictive
as they contain nicotine which is an addictive subject but is relatively harmless
why are cigarettes dangerous
they contain 150 differnet types of carcinogens in them and tar which goes into your lungs and stops the cillia from working.
why are cigarettes dangerous
they contain 150 differnet types of carcinogens in them including tar which goes into your lungs and destroys the alveoli.
cigarettes also include carbon monoxide which when breathed in it replace the O2 in your blood cells as the CO (carbon monoxide) is taken in and binds to the haemoglobin and gets sent to your cells which lowers your O2 intake and can lead to death.
Mucus containing dirt and pathogens builds up in the
airways because it is not removed. This leads to infection
and coughing.
what is alcohol
its a social drug used in many parts of the world and is a type of poison to the body but the liver normally removes it before damage can happen
how does alcohol effect the body
alcohol (ethanol) affects the nervous system making thought processes, reflexes and reaction times slower.
