CV pt. 3 - pericarditis, HF, aneurysm

Question 1

pericarditis

Answer 1

inflammation of pericardium

Question 2

what may u develop pericarditis from

Answer 2

flu
TB
kidney failure
MI / trauma - chest injury, radiation, surgery

Question 3

pericarditis may radiate where

Answer 3

neck
upper back
upper trap
left supraclavicular area
down left arm to costal margins

Question 4

SxS pericarditis

Answer 4

hard to swallow
pain relieved by leaning forward, sitting upright, reduced or holding breath
increased pain from deep breathing movements, trunk movements, lying down
hx of fever, chills, weakness, heart disease
cough
LE edema

Question 5

what is CHF

Answer 5

heart unable to pump blood to meet needs of body at rest or during exercise

Question 6

left ventricular HF SxS

Answer 6

fatigue, dyspnea
persistent spasmodic cough - especially supine*
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
orthopnea
tachycardia
fatigue / muscle weakness
edema / wt gain
restlessness
decreased renal fxn / fq urination*

Question 7

right ventricular HF SxS

Answer 7

fatigue
dependent edema
pitting edema
edema in sacral / back of thighs
right upper quadrant pain
cyanosis of nail beds

Question 8

diastolic HF - what is it and SxS

Answer 8

left ventricular stiffens and hypertrophies

fatigue / dyspnea
orthopnea
edema / wt gain
JVT***

Question 9

aneurysm

Answer 9

abnormal dilation in wall of artery, vein or heart

Question 10

what part of the heart is a thoracic aneurysm involve

Answer 10

ascending, transverse, descending portion of the aorta from the heart to the diaphragm

Question 11

what part of the heart is a abdominal aortic aneurysm involve

Answer 11

aorta below diaphragm

Question 12

what part of the heart is a peripheral arterial aneurysm involve

Answer 12

affect femoral and popliteal arteries

Question 13

is an abdominal aortic aneurysm or thoracic aneurysm more common

Answer 13

AAA - 4x more likly

Question 14

what pain does an AAA cause

Answer 14

low back pain

Question 15

what pain does a thoracic aneurysm cause

Answer 15

chest pain
may go to neck, interscapular area, shoulders, low back, abdomen

Question 16

aneurysm risk factors

Answer 16

smoking
congenital heart diease
aortic valve repair
recent infxn
atherosclerosis
predispoing genetic conditions
active older adults

Question 17

aneurysm SxS

Answer 17

chest pain with:
palpable mass in abdomen or politeal space
abdominal heartbeat
hip, groin, scotal, butt, leg/thigh

weakness / transient paralysis of legs

Question 18

what helps distinguish a ruptured aneurysm from a MI

Answer 18

pain in posterior thighs

Question 19

ruptured aneurysm SxS

Answer 19

tearing / ripping sound
cold, pulseless LE
BP changes
100 bpm HR
ecchymoses in flank and perianal area
light-headedness and nausea

Question 20

pt position of AAA palpation

Answer 20

supine, slightly raised knees

Question 21

examiner position of AAA palpation

Answer 21

standing to right side of pt

Question 22

procedure of AAA palpation

Answer 22

palpate for aortic pulse superior & slightly left of umbilicus
place palms on abdomen with index fingers on each side or aorta

Question 23

abnormal findings for AAA palpation

Answer 23

width > 3cm