1.19-1.21 Flashcards
(6 cards)
1
Q
How is DNA extracted from cells
A
Cell membrane is broken down to release contents of the cells.
Enzymes are used to remove histones and other protein from DNA
DNA is isolated by adding ethanol or by centrifuge
2
Q
modern techniques can analyse small amounts of DNA
A
- DNA can be isolated from even a single
cell and then amplified so that there is
enough to analyse and sequence it. - Isolated and amplified DNA can be used
in forensic science and genetic
engineering.
3
Q
What process is used to multiply segments of DNA?
A
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
4
Q
What happens during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
A
The solution is heated and cooled many times to produce thousands of copies of the original DNA sample.
5
Q
How is the cycling between heating and cooling in PCR accomplished?
A
It is now automated using a machine.
6
Q
What are the different components of PCR?
A
- Heating and cooling
- Primers
- Free nucleotides
- Heat resistant enzymes
