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Electricity - Concepts of Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What does direct current mean?

A

The flow of current is in one continuous direction. It is uni-directional

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2
Q

What does direct current do?

A

Flow from the battery around the circuit until it arrives back at the battery

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3
Q

What is current?

A

The rate of flow of charge

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4
Q

What is the charge carried through the wire by in a circuit?

A

Electrons

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5
Q

How are electrons and protons charged?

A

Negatively and positively

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6
Q

How does current flow in a circuit with electron flow?

A

Through the conductor torwards the positive terminal of the battery

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7
Q

What are negatively charged electrons attracted to and what is this called?

A

The positive side of the battery becuase opposites attract

Electron flow

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8
Q

What do we think about when buildings and working with circuits

A

Conventional flow instead of electron flow

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9
Q

Explain conventional flow

A

The current leaves from the positive terminal and arrives at the negative terminal

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10
Q

What is one coulomb defined as?

A

The amount of charge that passes a given point in one second when the current is one ampere

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11
Q

If a current of 0.5A passes through a point for 2 minutes, what would be the charge?

A

△Q = A x t
△Q = 0.5 x 120
△Q = 60 coulomb (C)

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12
Q

What are the units for Q = l x t?

A

Q = Coulombs (C)
I = Ampere (A)
t = seconds (s)

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13
Q

What is an equation for finding out the charge?

A

Charge = current x times

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14
Q

What is the a another equation for charge? (SHORT)

A

Q = l x t

Charge = current x time

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15
Q

Give the rule of charge relating to current?

A

Charge = current x time

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16
Q

Name voltages three names that are subtly different

A

Voltage, potential difference and electromotive force

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17
Q

What is potential difference?

A

A measure of how much of the voltage has been consumed by a componant in a circuit

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18
Q

What has the lamp in the circuit consumed?

A

All 12 volts from the battery

19
Q

What does not matter in a circuit with componants and battery?

A

How many componants there are, they will always consume all power from the battery

20
Q

What is voltage?

A

A measure of the energy stored and the amount of energy is related to the available charge.

21
Q

Give an equation for voltage related to work done(long and short)

A

Voltage = work done/charge

V = W/Q

22
Q

What does V = W/Q mean?

A

Voltage = work done/charge

23
Q

How can V = W/Q be rewritten?

A

1V = 1J C^-1

24
Q

What will happen if we put a pontential difference(voltage) across a component

A

Current will flow

25
Q

What can change the amount of current that flows?

A

How much resistance a component has

26
Q

What is resistance a measure of?

A

How difficult it is to get a current to flow through it

27
Q

What is resistance measured in and what is it’s symbol?

A

Ohms
Ω

28
Q

Give the equation for voltage and the shortened version

A

Voltage = current x resistance

V = IR

29
Q

What can V = IR be rearanged to?

A

I = V/R and R = V/I

30
Q

What is a conductor and give examples

A

Materials that allow current to flow through it.

Copper, brass and iron

31
Q

What is a material that does not allow current flow through it? Examples?

A

Insulators

Rubber, glass and plastic

32
Q

Give the units for current, charge and work done?

A

Ampere
Coulombs
Joules

33
Q

What is 1 Coulomb equal to?

A

1C = 1A x 1s

Charge = Current x Time

34
Q

What does p and R mean in equation form?

A

Resistivity
Resistance

35
Q

What does A and L mean in equation terms?

A

A is cross sectional area in m²
L is length in metres

36
Q

What can we use to change the flow of current?

A

Resistors

37
Q

What do materials with high resistivity do?

A

Reduce current

38
Q

What is the equation for reducing current?

A

Resistivity = Resistance x cross sectional area/length

39
Q

The lower the resistivity of a material…

A

The better it is at conducting electricity

40
Q

What is coppers resistivity?

A

1.72 x 10^-8 Ω m

41
Q

What is the resistivity of rubber?

A

1.0 x 10^13 Ω m

42
Q

What would the resistivity of a material be if we passed a current along a length of 250cm and 1mm diameter. The resistance of the material was measured to be 2 KΩ

A

p = RA/L

p = 2000 x PieSign x 0.001^2/2.5
p = 2.513 x 10^-3 Ω m

43
Q

What is the equation for reducing current? Short version

A

p = RA/L

44
Q

What is resistivity, resistance, cross sectional area and length measured in?

A

Resistivity is Ω metres
Resistance is Ω
Cross section is metres²
Length is metres

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