Group 1A Drugs

Question 1

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): define the class or what it does

Answer 1

• analgesic: pain reliever
• antipyretic: reduces fever
• anti-inflammatory: reduces swelling

Question 2

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): mechanism of action

Answer 2

decreases platelet aggregation (clotting) by blocking Thromboxane A2

Question 3

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): indications (when to give it)

Answer 3

• chest pain, ECG changes, or signs of AMI
• unstable angina

Question 4

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): adult dose and route

Answer 4

162mg - 324mg PO (by mouth): 4 x 81mg chewable tablets

Question 5

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): onset of action

Answer 5

30 - 45 minutes

Question 6

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): peak effect

Answer 6

1 - 2 hours after administration

Question 7

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): duration of action (how long it lasts)

Answer 7

4 - 6 hours after administration

Question 8

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): define the class or what it does

Answer 8

• vasodilator
• antianginal: prevents angina from occurring or relieving anginal pain

Question 9

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): mechanism of action

Answer 9

• smooth muscle relaxer on vascular, uterine, bronchial, and intestinal smooth muscle
• decreases preload: increased right-sided workload by causing blood pooling
• decreased after load: arterial vasodilation
• coronary artery vasodilation increases blood flow to the myocardium and decreasing myocardial O2 demand

Question 10

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): indications (when to give it)

Answer 10

• angina
• MI
• CHF with pulmonary edema

Question 11

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): adult dose and route

Answer 11

0.4mg SL (sublingual) or nasal spray: may repeat dosing up to 3 times every 5 minutes as long as the systolic BP > 90mmHg

Question 12

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): onset of action

Answer 12

1 - 3 minutes

Question 13

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): peak effect

Answer 13

5 - 10 minutes

Question 14

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): duration of action (how long it lasts)

Answer 14

20 - 30 minutes

Question 15

Morphine Sulfate: define the class or what it does

Answer 15

opioid analgesic (acts on opioid receptors to relieve pain)

Question 16

Morphine Sulfate: mechanism of action

Answer 16

• elevates pain threshold by acting on pain receptors in the brain
• depresses the CNS and respiratory centers in the brain
• increases venous capacity, vasodilators arterioles, and reduces the preload & after load in the heart

Question 17

Morphine Sulfate: indications (when to give it)

Answer 17

• analgesia
• pulmonary edema

Question 18

Morphine Sulfate: adult dose and route

Answer 18

• acute chest pain: 2mg - 4mg IV / IO / IM slowly; may repeat 2mg - 8mg in 5-16 minutes
• pain management: 1mg - 5mg IV / IO / IM slowly; may repeat as needed

Question 19

Morphine Sulfate: onset of action

Answer 19

within seconds

Question 20

Morphine Sulfate: peak effect

Answer 20

20 minutes

Question 21

Morphine Sulfate: duration of action (how long it lasts)

Answer 21

2 - 4 hours

Question 22

Furosemide (Lasix): de

Question 23

Furosemide (Lasix): mechanism of action

Answer 23

• inhibits electrolyte reabsorption in the ascending Loop of Henle
• promotes excretion of Na2+, K+, and Cl-
• increases venous capacity and decreases after load due to vasodilation

Question 24

Furosemide (Lasix): indications (when to give it)

Answer 24

• pulmonary edema, secondary to renal failure
• CHF

Question 25

Furosemide (Lasix): adult dose and route

Answer 25

• IV Lasix: 0.5mg - 1mg/kg IV / IO slowly over 1 - 2 minutes (if no response, double the second dose to 2mg/kg IV / IO)
• PO Lasix: 2 times the pt’s normal daily dose (if no response after 20 minutes, may release with double the dose)

Question 26

Furosemide (Lasix): onset of action

Answer 26

5 minutes

Question 27

Furosemide (Lasix): peak effect

Answer 27

20 - 60 minutes

Question 28

Furosemide (Lasix): duration of action (how long it takes)

Answer 28

varies from person to person