L9- Natural History (Animals. Conservation)

Question 1

appalling

Answer 1

adj. kinh khủng
shocking; extremely bad:

The prisoners were living in appalling conditions.

Question 2

distressing

Answer 2

adj. đau buồn

a feeling of extreme worry, sadness or pain:

She claimed that the way she had been treated at work had caused her extreme emotional and psychological distress.

Question 3

dreadful

Answer 3

adj. ghê gớm

very bad or unpleasant:
What dreadful weather! * What a dreadful thing to say! * It’s dreadful the way they treat their staff. * How dreadful! * Jane looked dreadful (= looked ill or tired).

Question 4

horrifying

Answer 4

adj. kinh hoàng

making you feel extremely shocked, disgusted or frightened:
a horrifying sight / experience / story * It’s horrifying to see such poverty.

Question 5

hypocritical
/ˌhɪp.əʊˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl/
******

Answer 5

behaving in a way that is different from what you claim to believe - used to show disapproval

adj. đạo đức giả

*It’s hypocritical of these universities to call their football players student-athletes.

Question 6

impartial

Answer 6

adj. vô tư, công bằng, liêm chính

not involved in a particular situation, and therefore able to give a fair opinion or piece of advice
We offer impartial advice on tax and insurance.
　

Question 7

objective

Answer 7

adj. khách quan

something that you are trying to achieve:
the main / primary / principal objective * to meet / achieve your objectives

• You must set realistic aims and objectives for yourself.
• The main objective of this meeting is to give more information on our plans.

Question 8

outrageous

Answer 8

adj. tàn nhẫn, thái quá

1 very shocking and unacceptable:
outrageous behaviour * ‘That’s outrageous!’ he protested.

Question 9

upsetting

Answer 9

adj. khó chịu

making you feel unhappy, anxious or annoyed:
an upsetting experience * She finds the divorce too upsetting to talk about.

Question 10

irresponsible

Answer 10

adj. thiếu trách nhiệm

not showing a feeling of responsibility:
an irresponsible teenager * an irresponsible attitude * It would be irresponsible to ignore the situation.

Question 11

wasp

Answer 11

n. Ong vò vẽ

Wasps have a painful sting like a bee but do not produce honey.

Question 12

hive /haIv/

Answer 12

n. tổ ong

a structure where bees live, especially a beehive (= box-like container), or the group of bees living there

Question 13

flock

Answer 13

b. bầy đàn
~ (of sth) a group of sheep, goats or birds of the same type

Question 14

den

Answer 14

n. cái hang
the hidden home of some types of wild animal:
a bear’s / lion’s den

Question 15

reindeer
/ˈreɪn.dɪəʳ/ US /-dɪr/

Answer 15

n. tuần lộc

plural reindeer
a type of deer with large horns, which lives in the northern parts of Europe, Asia and America:
Father Christmas travels in a sleigh pulled by reindeer.

Question 16

rhinoceros
/raɪˈnɒs.ər.əs/ US /-ˈnɑː.sɚ-/

Answer 16

a very large thick-skinned animal from Africa or Asia, which has one or two horns on its nose:
a population of black/white rhinoceros.

Question 17

feather

Answer 17

n. lông vũ

one of the many soft light parts covering a bird’s body:
a peacock feather * a feather pillow (= one containing feathers)

Question 18

fur

Answer 18

the soft thick mass of hair that grows on the body of some animals:
The cat carefully licked its fur.

Question 19

swarm
/swɔːm/ US /swɔːrm/
noun [C]

Answer 19

n, đàn, họp lại

a large group of insects all moving together:
a swarm of bees/wasps/ants/locusts
The dead sheep was covered with swarms of flies.

Question 20

herd

Answer 20

n. bầy đàn

a large group of animals of the same type that live and feed together:
a herd of cattle/elephants/goats

Question 21

pack

Answer 21

n. đàn

of animals
[C+sing./pl. v.] a group of animals that hunt together or are kept for hunting:
packs of savage dogs * wolves hunting in packs * a pack of hounds
دسته ،گروه

Question 22

burrow

Answer 22

đào hang

noun [C]
a hole in the ground dug by an animal such as a rabbit, especially to live in

Question 23

colony

Answer 23

a group of animals, insects or plants of the same type that live together:
a colony of ants/termites/bacteria

Question 24

scorpion
/ˈskɔː.pi.ən/

Answer 24

n. bọ cạp

a small insect-like creature which lives in hot dry areas of the world and has a long body and a curved tail with a poisonous sting

Question 25

emu
ostrich
/ˈɑː.strɪtʃ/

Answer 25

n. đà điểu
a large Australian bird that can run fast but cannot fly

Question 26

venomous

Answer 26

adj. nọc độc

venom
venom (POISON)
a poisonous liquid which some snakes, insects, etc. produce when biting or stinging
a venomous snake

Question 27

arachnid

Answer 27

/əˈræk.nɪd/
loài nhện

Question 28

tarantula
/təˈræn.tjʊ.lə/

Answer 28

n. 1 loài nhện có độc

tarantula - a venomous arachnid
tarantula - loài nhện có nọc độc

Question 29

primate

Answer 29

n. linh trưởng

a member of the most developed and intelligent group of mammals, including humans, monkeys and apes

gorilla - a critically endangered primate
khỉ đột - một loài linh trưởng có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng cao

Question 30

livestock

Answer 30

chăn nuôi

the animals kept on a farm, for example cows or sheep

Question 31

llama

Answer 31

la mã

llama - a domestic pack animal
llama - một loài động vật sống trong gia đình

Question 32

cockroach

Answer 32

con gián

Question 33

trunk

Answer 33

Thân cây

Question 34

giraffe

Answer 34

hươu cao cổ

Question 35

bat

Answer 35

• a nocturnal, hibernating mammal
  một loài động vật có vú sống về đêm, ngủ đông

Question 36

penguin

Answer 36

• a flightless, nesting bird
  một loài chim không biết bay, làm tổ

Question 37

jellyfish

Answer 37

• an aquatic invertebrate
  sứa - một loài động vật không xương sống dưới nước

Question 38

mosquito

Answer 38

• a parasitic insect
  một loài côn trùng ký sinh

Question 39

defy

Answer 39

thách thức

Question 40

hibernate

Answer 40

ngủ đông

Question 41

pygmy shrew

Answer 41

chuột chù lùn

Question 42

high speed metabolism

Answer 42

trao đổi chất tốc độ cao

Question 43

interference from

Answer 43

can thiệp từ

Question 44

coniferous bogs

Answer 44

đầm lầy lá kim

Question 45

an abundance of

Answer 45

rất nhiều, sự phong phú của

Question 46

decay

Answer 46

thối rữa

Question 47

mossy logs

Answer 47

rêu

Question 48

dense understory

Answer 48

dày đặc

Question 49

capture prey

Answer 49

bắt con mồi

Question 50

the brief life is spent foraging

Answer 50

cuộc sống ngắn ngủi được dành để kiếm ăn

Question 51

Vocabulary note

Answer 51

Nature = all things in the world that were not created by people
Ex: I love wildlife and anything to do with nature (NOT the nature)

Question 52

Vocabulary note

Answer 52

The countryside = areas of land where there are no houses or cities
Ex: We took a lovely walk in the countryside.

Question 53

Vocabulary note

Answer 53

Landscape = the appearance (or view) of the countryside:
Ex: The landscape was dotted with tents and caravans.

Question 54

Vocabulary note

Answer 54

Area = more general term for a place, piece of land or country.
Ex: Too many tourists are visiting this area.

Question 55

The possible threats to animals caused by humans.

Answer 55

increased competition
proximity to roads
proximity to housing
land clearing
deforestation
flooding
fire
farming
use of pesticides
oil spills
logging
poaching
overfishing
urban development

Question 56

land clearing

Answer 56

giải phóng mặt bằng

TO
increased competition
proximity to roads
proximity to housing

Question 57

use of pesticides

Answer 57

sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu

Question 58

farming

Answer 58

nông nghiệp

Question 59

oil spills

Answer 59

sự cố tràn dầu

Question 60

logging

Answer 60

khai thác gỗ

Question 61

poaching

Answer 61

săn trộm

Question 62

overfishing

Answer 62

đánh bắt quá mức

Question 63

urban development

Answer 63

phát triển đô thị

Question 64

demise

Answer 64

demise = death
sự sụp đổ = cái chết

Question 65

flourish

Answer 65

flourish = thrive
nở rộ = phát triển mạnh

Question 66

emerge

Answer 66

nổi lên = xuất hiện
emerge = appear

Question 67

brink

Answer 67

brink = verge
bờ vực

Question 68

rival

Answer 68

rival = match
đối thủ = trận đấu

Question 69

at risk

Answer 69

at risk = in danger
gặp nguy hiểm

Question 70

degradation

Answer 70

degradation = ruin
suy thoái = hủy hoại

Question 71

threshold

Answer 71

threshold = level
ngưỡng = cấp độ

Question 72

a great of damage

Answer 72

collocation
The oil spill caused a great of damage to seabirds.

Sự cố tràn dầu đã gây ra thiệt hại lớn cho các loài chim biển.

Question 73

harmless to humans

Answer 73

The spider’s bite is painful, but it is harmless to humans.

Vết cắn của nhện rất đau, nhưng nó vô hại đối với con người.

Question 74

damaging winds/ devastating winds

Answer 74

Heavy rains and damaging/ devastating winds caused several trees to fall.

Mưa lớn và gió tàn phá / tàn phá đã làm đổ một số cây.

Question 75

damage crops / devastated crops

Answer 75

thiệt hại mùa màng / cây trồng bị tàn phá

Farms were attacked by a swarm of locusts that damaged/devastated crops in the area.
Các trang trại bị một đàn châu chấu tấn công làm hư hại / tàn phá mùa màng trong khu vực.

Question 76

at risk of extinction

Answer 76

có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng

The introduction of foxes to this area put many native species at risk of extinction.
Việc đưa cáo đến khu vực này khiến nhiều loài bản địa đứng trước nguy cơ tuyệt chủng.

Question 77

harmful to local wildlife
damaging to local wildlife
devastating to local wildlife

Answer 77

*có hại cho động vật hoang dã địa phương
*gây tổn hại cho động vật hoang dã địa phương
*tàn phá động vật hoang dã địa phương

Pesticides may help control pests but they are also harmful/damaging/devastating to local wildlife

Thuốc trừ sâu có thể giúp kiểm soát dịch hại nhưng chúng cũng có hại / gây tổn hại / tàn phá động vật hoang dã địa phương

Question 78

Vocabulary note

Answer 78

• Harm is used for ‘things’ and ‘people’
• Damage is used only for ‘things’
  Ex: Luckily no one was harmed in the accident, which damaged two buildings.

Question 79

Do people in your country keep animals in their home?

Answer 79

Yes, they do. Pets are very popular and almost every household has a cat, dog, or hamster.
**Có, họ có. Vật nuôi rất phổ biến và hầu hết mọi gia đình đều có một con mèo, con chó hoặc hamster.

Question 80

Do you think the way farm animals are kept is acceptable?

Answer 80

• I think it’s common knowledge that intensively reared livestock suffer horribly because of their cramped living conditions.
  **Tôi nghĩ rằng thông thường những con vật nuôi thâm canh bị ảnh hưởng khủng khiếp vì điều kiện sống chật chội của chúng.
• I think animals that are used in agriculture should have a good quality of life and a painless death.
  ***Tôi nghĩ rằng động vật được sử dụng trong nông nghiệp nên có chất lượng cuộc sống tốt và cái chết không đau đớn.

Question 81

Do you think we do enough to protect wild animals?

Answer 81

Not really. We should make sure people are kept well away from areas where endangered animals live and that their habitat is protected.
***Không hẳn vậy. Chúng ta nên đảm bảo rằng mọi người được giữ tránh xa các khu vực có các loài động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng sinh sống và môi trường sống của chúng được bảo vệ.

Question 82

Should animals be used in scientific experiments?

Answer 82

• Well, this is difficult to argue against using animals in cancer research, but I object to animal testing for cosmetics.
  ***Chà, điều này rất khó để lập luận chống lại việc sử dụng động vật trong nghiên cứu ung thư, nhưng tôi phản đối việc thử nghiệm trên động vật đối với mỹ phẩm.
• I believe animal testing is perfectly acceptable because medical research is more important than animal welfare.
  ***Tôi tin rằng việc thử nghiệm trên động vật là hoàn toàn có thể chấp nhận được vì nghiên cứu y tế quan trọng hơn phúc lợi động vật.