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Anatomy > Anatomy Block 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the terms for the different size heads?

A

Brachycephalic, mesocephalic, and dolichocephalic

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2
Q

What are the different parts of the occipital bone

A

interparietal, external occipital protuberance, Nuchal crest

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3
Q

What is the structure called that allows the spinal cord to exit the skull?

A

Foramen magnum

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4
Q

What is the process in the temporal bone where the tympanic membrane is housed?

A

Tympanic bulla

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5
Q

What is the bony canal for hearing called and where is it located?

A

External acoustic meatus, located laterally from the tympanic bulla

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6
Q

Where does the infraorbital nerve leave through and where is it located

A

This is the infraorbital foramen and it is located rostrally to the eye

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7
Q

What completes the orbit for dogs and cats?

A

The orbital ligament

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8
Q

What are the 3 processes of the mandible?

A

Coronoid process, condyloid process, angular process

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9
Q

What are the two foramens of the mandible

A

Mental foramen and mandibular foramen

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10
Q

What is the depression where the masseter muscle sits called?

A

Masseteric fossa

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11
Q

What nerve runs through the mandibular foramen?

A

Inferior alveolar

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12
Q

What nerve runs through the mental foramen?

A

The mental nerve

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13
Q

What are the bones of the hyoid?

A

Basihyoid, thyrohyoid, ceratohyoid, epihyoid, stylohyoid, and the tympanohyoid cartilage

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14
Q

What is the most superficial muscle of facial expression?

A

Platysma

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15
Q

What are the muscles of facial expression?

A

Platysma
Zygomaticus
Frontalis
Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis oculi
Parotidoauricular
Auricular muscles
Buccinator
levator nasolabialis

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16
Q

What are the muscles of mastication

A

Masseter
Pterygoid
Temporalis (deep to frontalis)
Digastricus (only muscle to open mouth)

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17
Q

Where is the pterygoid muscle?

A

Lateral to the pterygoid bones. medial to the masseter

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18
Q

What are the pharyngeal muscles?

A

Rostral to caudal
Hyopharyngeus
Thyropharyngeus
Cricopharyngeus

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19
Q

What is the purpose of the hyoid/thyroid muscles?

A

To manipulate laryngeal cartilage and hyoid apparatus

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20
Q

What are the muscles that connect to the thyroid?

A

Sternothyroideus
Cricothyroideus

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21
Q

What are the muscles that connect to the hyoid bones?

A

sternohyoideus
thyrohyoideus
myohyoideus
geniohyoidius
Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis

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22
Q

What are the muscles of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Intrinsic muscles

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23
Q

What are the 5 salivary glands?

A

Parotid salivary gland
Monostomatic salivary gland
Polystomatic salivary gland
Mandibular salivary gland
Zygomatic salivary gland

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24
Q

Where does the parotid duct come out?

A

The upper 4th premolar

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25
Q

What are the lymph nodes of the head?

A

Mandibular lymph nodes (2-4)
Medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes

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26
Q

What do the mandibular lymph nodes drain?

A

Surface of head

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27
Q

What do the medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes drain

A

The whole head

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28
Q

What are the arteries of the external carotid?

A

Occipital
Lingual
Facial
Caudal auricular
Superficial temporal

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29
Q

What are the arteries of the maxillary?

A

Inferior alveolar
External ophthalmic
Minor palatine
Infraorbital

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30
Q

What are the arteries of the descending palatine?

A

Major palatine
Sphinopalatine

31
Q

What are the two main veins that come together to form the external jugular vein?

A

Maxillary vein and linguofacial vein (facial veins)

32
Q

What does the olfactory nerve do?

A

Sensory, smell

33
Q

What does the optic nerve do?

A

Sensory, vision

34
Q

What does the oculomotor nerve do?

A

Eye movement

35
Q

What does the trochlear nerve do?

A

Eye movement

36
Q

What does the trigeminal nerve do?

A

Sensory to face
Sensory to teeth
Motor to muscles of mastication

37
Q

What does the abducent nerve do?

A

Eye movement

38
Q

What does the facial nerve do?

A

Motor facial expression
Rostral taste

39
Q

What does the vestibulocochlear nerve do?

A

Hearing and balance

40
Q

What does the glossopharyngeal nerve do?

A

Caudal taste

41
Q

What does the vagus nerve do?

A

Autonomic function

42
Q

What does the accessory nerve do?

A

Motor to neck and shoulder

43
Q

What does the hypoglossal nerve do?

A

Tongue movement

44
Q

Where does the olfactory nerve enter through?

A

The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

45
Q

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve
And then the 3 branches within the one and additional branch in the other

A

Ophthalmic Branch - sensory to eyelid, eye, and nasal mucosa
Maxillary Branch - Sensory to lower eyelid and nasal mucosa
»>Infraorbital n. = sensory to upper teeth
Mandibular Branch = Motor to mastication
»»Lingual n. = sensory to tongue
»»Inferior alveolar n. = sensory to lower arcade
»»Mylohyoid n. = motor to mylohyoideus

46
Q

What are the branches of the facial nerve called?

A

Buccal branches = motor to facial expression

47
Q

What are branches of the vagus nerve

A

Cranial laryngeal n = motor to cricothyroideus m
Caudal laryngeal n = motor to laryngeal m
Vagosympathetic trunk = Autonomic system

48
Q

What muscles does the accessory nerve innervate?

A

Trapezius m
Cleidocephalicus
Sternocephalicus

49
Q

What does the vertebral artery go through?

A

Transverse foramen

50
Q

What do the spinal nerves go through?

A

The intervertebral foramen

51
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of the atlas?

A

C1
Lateral vertebral foramen
Arch and wings

52
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of the axis?

A

C2
Spinous process

53
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of cervical vertebra?

A

Spinous process
Vertebral foramen
Transverse process

54
Q

What does the atlas use instead of the transverse foramen?

A

Lateral vertebral foramen

55
Q

What bones line the nasal canal?

A

Dorsally = nasal bone
Ventrally = maxilla
Ventrally = maxilla and palatine

56
Q

What is the internal nares called?

A

Choanae

57
Q

What is the line down the center of a dog’s nostril?

A

Philtrum

58
Q

What is the artery that vascularizes the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine

59
Q

What are the 3 conchae?

A

Dorsal conchae
Ventral conchae
Ethmoidal conchae

60
Q

What are the 4 meatus

A

Dorsal meatus
Ventral meatus
Common meatus
Middle meatus

61
Q

What are the 2 paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary sinus
Frontal sinus

62
Q

What is another name for paranasal sinuses?

A

Diverticula

63
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the oral cavity?

A

Vestibule: Space between gums and lips
Oral cavity proper

64
Q

What are the ridges on the top of the mouth?

A

Rugae

65
Q

What is the medial line down the hard palate of the oral cavity proper?

A

Raphe

66
Q

What is the connective tissue that holds the tongue to the bottom of the mouth?

A

Frenulum

67
Q

What are the 5 types of papillae?
And where are they found on the tongue?

A

Filiform - All over
Fungiform - All over
Foliate - Lateral on root
Vallate - medial on root
Conical - Spikes on root

68
Q

What is the cartilaginous piece in apex of tongue?

A

Lyssa

69
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the tongue?

A

Apex, body, root

70
Q

What is the medial line down the tongue called?

A

Median sulcus

71
Q

What are the 3 papillae that are tastebuds?

A

Foliate
Fungiform
Vallate

72
Q

How many of each type of tooth is on the upper arcade?

A

3 incisors
1 canine
4 premolars
2 molars

73
Q

How many of each type of tooth is on the bottom arcade

A

3 incisors
1 canine
4 premolars
3 molars

74
Q

What is the carnassial tooth on both upper and lower arcade?

A

Upper P4
Lower M1

Anatomy (26 decks)

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