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Anatomy > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main parts of the ear?

A

Pinnae
External ear
tympanic membrane
middle ear
outer ear

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2
Q

What is a straight up pinnae called?

A

Erect pinnae

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3
Q

What is a low pinnae called?

A

Pendulous pinnae

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4
Q

What is the cartilage that makes of the pinna?

A

Auricular - forms funnel
Annular - fits within base of auricular

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5
Q

What are the two types of glands within the external ear canal?

A

Sebaceous glands
Ceruminous glands (apocrine)

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6
Q

What is ear wax called?

A

Cerumen

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7
Q

What are dead cells removed from the ear?

A

Cerumes is used followed by epithelial migration

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8
Q

What are the bones in the ear from lateral to medial

A

Malleus, incus, stapes (oval window)

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9
Q

What are the components of the middle ear?

A

Tympanic membrane, tympanic cavity, auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes), eustachian tube (auditory tube to balance pressure)

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10
Q

What are the components of the tympanic membrane

A

Pars flaccida, pars tensa, stria mallearis

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11
Q

What are the 3 bones of the ear?

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

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12
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the ear?

A

tensor tympani
stapedius muscle

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13
Q

What are the the cavities within the tympanic membrane?

A

Epitympanic recess, tympanic cavity proper, ventral tympanic cavity

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14
Q

What are the 3 notable “holes” within the tympanic membrane?

A

Eustachian tube, round window, and oval window

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15
Q

What are the two nerves that innervate the ear?

A

Facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear

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16
Q

What are the components to the inner ear?

A

semicircular canals
vestibule
cochlear

17
Q

What are the fluids of the inner ear and where are they found?

A

Perilymph - scala vestibuli and scale tympani
Endolymph - scala media

18
Q

What are the membranes of the cochlea?

A

Reissner’s membrane
Basilar membrane

19
Q

What is responsible for the hearing ability?

A

Organ of Corti

20
Q

How many inner hair cells are there?

A

1

21
Q

How many outer hair cells are there?

A

3

22
Q

What do the hair cells rub against?

A

tectorial membrane

23
Q

What is the purpose of the inner hair cells, outer hair cells?

A

IHC = actual hearing
OHC = tuning and sensitivity of IHC

24
Q

How is the localization of sound determined

A

Determined through crosstalk between ears

25
Q

What are the two ways to lose hearing and what causes them?

A

Conductive: something blocking sound from entering
Sensorineural: something wrong with cochlea or nerve

Anatomy (26 decks)

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