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Quantitative Analysis > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What we do to get the right answer

A

Quality assurance

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2
Q

Known solutions of analyte that don’t involve the unknown solution

A

External standards

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3
Q

Measurements

A

Raw data

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4
Q

Concentrations derived from raw data by use of calibration methods

A

Treated data

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5
Q

Quantities reported after statistical analysis of treated data

A

Results

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6
Q

States purpose for which results will be used

A

Use objective

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7
Q

Include sampling requirements, accuracy and precision, rate of false results, selectivity, sensitivity, acceptable blank values, recovery of fortification, calibration checks, and quality control samples

A

Specifications

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8
Q

Says that the concentration exceeds the legal limit when, in fact, the concentration is below the limit

A

False positive

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9
Q

Says that the concentration is below the limit when it is actually above the limit

A

False negative

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10
Q

Being able to distinguish analyte from other species in the sample (avoiding interference)

A

Selectivity (specificity)

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11
Q

The capability of responding reliably and measurably to changes in analyte concentration

A

Sensitivity

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12
Q

A sample containing all components except analyte, and it is taken through all steps of the analytical procedure

A

Method blank

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13
Q

Similar to method blank, but it has not been subjected to all sample preparation procedures

A

Reagent blank

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14
Q

Similar to method blank, but it has been exposed to the site of sampling

A

Field blank

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15
Q

Refers to everything in the sample other than the analyte

A

Matrix

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16
Q

A known quantity of analyte added to a sample to test whether the response to the spike is the same as that expected from a calibration curve

A

Spike (fortification)

17
Q

Analyte solutions with known concentrations of analyte

A

Calibration check

18
Q

A quality control measure to help eliminate bias introduced by an analyst who knows the concentration of the calibration check sample

A

Performance test samples (quality control samples or blind samples)

19
Q

States what steps will be taken and how they will be carried out

A

Standard operating procedures

20
Q

The process of (1) collecting data to show that analytical procedures are operating within specified limits and (2) verifying that final results meet use objectives

A

Assessment

21
Q

The process of proving that an analytical method is acceptable for its intended purpose

A

Method validation

22
Q

Measures how well a calibration curve follows a straight line, showing that response is proportional to the quantity of analyte

A

Linearity

23
Q

Nearness to the truth

A

Accuracy

24
Q

How well replicate measurements agree with one another

A

Precision

25
Q

Describes how well one person can obtain the same results when analyzing the same sample by the same procedure with the same equipment in the same laboratory

A

Repeatability

26
Q

Describes how well different people in different laboratories with different equipment can get the same results when analyzing similar samples by the same procedure

A

Reproducibility

27
Q

Concentration range over which calibration curve is linear

A

Linear range

28
Q

Concentration range over which there is measurable response

A

Dynamic range

29
Q

Concentration range over which linearity, accuracy, and precision meet specifications for analytical method

A

Range

30
Q

The concentration of analyte that gives a signal to three times the standard deviation of signal from a blank

A

Detection limit

31
Q

The concentration below which regulations say that a given analyte is reported as “not detected”, which doesn’t mean that analyte is not observed

A

Reporting limit

32
Q

The ability of an analytical method to be unaffected by small, deliberate changes in operating parameters

A

Robustness

33
Q

A change in the analytical signal caused by anything in the sample other than analyte

A

Matrix effect

34
Q

Standard deviation of the mean

A

Standard uncertainty

35
Q

Added standard is the same substance as analyte

A

Standard addition

36
Q

Added standard is different from analyte

A

Internal standard

37
Q

Solutions with known concentrations of analyte are used to prepare a calibration curve

A

External standard

Quantitative Analysis (12 decks)

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