Chapter 7-10

Question 1

The value that replaces concentration in a thermodynamically correct equilibrium expression. The activity of X is given by Ax = [X]yx is the activity coefficient and [X] is the concentration

Answer 1

Activity, A

Question 2

The number by which the concentration must be multiplied to give activity

Answer 2

Activity coefficient

Question 3

A statement that the sum of all positive charge in solution equals the magnitude of the sum of all negative charge in solution

Answer 3

Charge balance

Question 4

Gives the activity coefficient, y, of an ion as a function of ionic strength, u

Answer 4

Debye-Hückel equation

Question 5

The region of solution around an ion or a charged particle. It contains an excess of oppositely charged ions

Answer 5

Ionic atmosphere

Question 6

A measure of the total concentration of ions in solution

Answer 6

Ionic strength, u

Question 7

Defined as pH = log [H+]

Answer 7

pH

Question 8

Equilibrium constant for the reaction of an acid, HA, with H2O

Answer 8

Acid dissociation constant, Ka

Question 9

The equilibrium constant for the reaction of a base, B, with H2O

Answer 9

Base hydrolysis constant, Kb

Question 10

A mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base; resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added

Answer 10

Buffer

Question 11

A measure of the ability of a buffer to resist changes in pH; the larger the buffer capacity, the greater the resistance to pH change

Answer 11

Buffer capacity, B

Question 12

An acid and a base that differ only through the gain or loss of a single proton

Answer 12

Conjugate acid-base pair

Question 13

For the reaction of a base (B) with H2O, the fraction of base in the form BH+

Answer 13

Fraction of association, a

Question 14

For the dissociation of an acid (HA), the fraction of acid in the form A-

Answer 14

Fraction of dissociation, a