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n405 > module 7 test > Flashcards

module 7 test Flashcards

1
Q

heart rates are ____ in infants and children compared to adults?

A

higher

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2
Q

blood pressure is ____ in children compared to adults?

A

lower

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3
Q

if the infant becomes chilled during the assessment the skin will appear as

A

mottling, blotching or marbling

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4
Q

infants the best temperature is

A

rectal temp

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5
Q

newborns weigh about ____ and ____

A

5 lbs 8 oz and 8lbs and 13 oz

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6
Q

it’s okay if a baby loses up to ____ of their weight

A

10%

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7
Q

infants will ___ their birth weight by 4-6 months

A

double

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8
Q

infants will ____ their birth weight by 12 months

A

triple

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9
Q

baby acne is ___ and more common in ____

A

milia & boys

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10
Q

red macules, papules, and pustules

A

erythema toxicum

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11
Q

blue-purple flat spot normally around the butt

A

mongolian spot

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12
Q

flat, round, spot, dark pigmented

A

cafe-au-lait spot

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13
Q

red or pink spot often seen on the back of neck or eyelids

A

stork bites

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14
Q

large, flat, bluish-purple capillary area. found around the face

A

nevus flammeus (port wine stains)

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15
Q

slightly raised reddened areas with a sharp demarcation line (2-3cm) usually require treatment such as laser

A

strawberry hemangioma

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16
Q

reddish-blue round mass of blood vessels. could continue to grow in size within the first year

A

cavernous hemangioma

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17
Q

hairy newborns

A

lanugo hair

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18
Q

when you see “sunken” you think __

A

dehydration

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19
Q

when you see “bulging” you think

A

increased intracranial pressure

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20
Q

soft spot at the top of their heads

A

anterior fontanelle

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21
Q

short necks or webbing is a sign for

A

Turner syndrome or Down syndrome

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22
Q

polyethylene tubes in tympanic membrane are placed to ___

A

relieve middle ear pressure and drain out

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23
Q

crease on the nose (like you)

A

allergic salute

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24
Q

teeth grinding

A

bruxism

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25
Q

darkened, brown, or black teeth may indicate

A

decay or oral iron therapy

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26
Q

high-pitched piercing sound primarily heard in distressed infant during inspiration

A

stridor

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27
Q

if an infant is having to work to breath

A

it is a medical emergency

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28
Q

how many arteries?

A

2

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29
Q

how many veins?

A

1

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30
Q

abdominal pain is always

A

abnormal findings

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31
Q

child laying on the bed, feel their hips and roll their hips to feel a smooooth ball-and-socket joint, no clicks

A

Barlow-Ortolani

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32
Q

if crepitus is heard during barlow-ortolani test

A

you may have a hip displacement

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33
Q

in lateral recumbent, and assessing knee height (same length?)

A

negative Allis test

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34
Q

startle infant

A

moro reflex

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35
Q

touch palm of infant hand and they hold it

A

palmar grasp reflex

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36
Q

infant in supine; rotate head to side so chin is over shoulder

A

tonic neck reflex

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37
Q

touch object to sole of infant’s foot

A

plantar grasp reflec

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38
Q

stroke the lateral surface of infant’s sole using J from sole to big toe

A

babinski

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39
Q

infant in upright position, feet flat on surface, “walking”

A

step in place reflex

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40
Q

dorsiflex foot; pinch sole of foot just under the toes

A

clonus

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41
Q

brush infant’s cheek near corner of mouth

A

rooting response (awake) reflex

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42
Q

touch infants lips

A

sucking reflex

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43
Q

inflammation of the skin

A

atopic dermatitis

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44
Q

clinical findings: red, weeping, crusted lesions

A

atopic dermatitis

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45
Q

honey-colored crusted

A

impetigo

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46
Q

when a child doesn’t want to lay flat nor suck, crying while trying to swallow

A

think ear pressure (aom)

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47
Q

arched back called

A

opisthotonos

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48
Q

arched back, stiff neck, extension of extremities may indicate

A

meningitis

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49
Q

irritant contact dermatitis due to reaction from urine, feces, moisture, or friction

A

diaper dermatitis

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50
Q

clinical findings: irritant rash involving skin areas that are in contact with diaper

A

diaper dermaitits

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51
Q

highly contagious infection caused by staphyl/strep

A

impetigo

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52
Q

clinical findings: lesions first appear on the trunk then spread to extremities and face

A

herpes varicella (chickenpox)

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53
Q

middle ear effusion that can be viral or bacterial

A

AOM acute otitis media

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54
Q

ear pain

A

otalgia

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55
Q

clinical findings: fever, vomiting, decreased hearing

A

AOM acute otitis media

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56
Q

inflammation of palpebral or bulbar conjunctivia

A

conjunctivitis

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57
Q

clinical findings: red, thick sticky discharge on eyelids

A

conjunctivitis

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58
Q

most common oropharyngeal infections among children

A

tonsillitis

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59
Q

clinical findings: sore throat, pain with swallowing, fever chills, tender lymph nodes

A

tonsillitis

60
Q

incomplete fusion of maxillary process

A

cleft lip and cleft palate

61
Q

clinical findings: diagnosed before/at birth, separation extending to floor of nostril

A

cleft lip and cleft palate

62
Q

multisystem, autosomal recessive genetic disorder of exocrine glands

A

CF cystic fibrosis

63
Q

clinical findings: thick, sticky mucus. frothy, greasy stool, clubbing and barrel chested

A

CF cystic fibrosis

64
Q

airway obstruction, environmental exposures, allergens

A

childhood asthma

65
Q

clinical findings: audible wheeze, shortness of breath, tachycardia, persistent cough

A

childhood asthma

66
Q

wide range of upper airway illness resulting from edema of epiglottis and larynx

A

croup

67
Q

clinical findings: inspiratory stridor, barking-like cough, and hoarseness, lethargy

A

croup

68
Q

abnormal connection between left and right side of the heart

A

congenital heart defects

69
Q

clinical findings: poor feeding, poor weight gain, elevated HR and RR

A

congenital heart defects

70
Q

clinical findings: sucking, swallowing difficulties, toe walking

A

muscular dystrophies

71
Q

inherited diseases progressed by muscle wasting dute to degeneration of muscle fibers

A

muscular dystrophies

72
Q

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid CSF

A

hydrocephalus

73
Q

motor function disorders caused by permanent, nonprogressive brain injuries

A

cerebral palsy

74
Q

spasticity, seizures, intellectual disability (retardation), muscle contractions, delayed motor development

A

cerebral palsy

75
Q

ADHD

A

attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

76
Q

more common in boys, inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity

A

ADHD attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

77
Q

___ palpated to determine consistency, shape, and mobility. This is done to determine which part of the fetus is at the fundas

A

fundal palpation

78
Q

both sides of the uterus are palpated to identify the back/spine of the fetus

A

lateral palpation

79
Q

this is done to assess which part of the fetus is in the pelvic inlet

A

symphysis pubic palpation

80
Q

this is used to determine the fetal attitude and position

A

deep pelvic palpation

81
Q

____ should never be considered normal and needs further evaluation

A

bleeding

82
Q

cervix length and shortening due to dilation

A

effacement

83
Q

premature separation of implanted placenta before birth of the fetus

A

abruptio placentae

84
Q

clinical findings: bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine contractions

A

abruptio placentae

85
Q

attachment in lower uterine segment near cervical vs higher up

A

placenta previa

86
Q

clinical findings: painless vaginal bleeding seen in 3rd trimester, mild uterine contractions, uterus is soft and nontender

A

placenta previa

87
Q

excessive quantity of amniotic fluid

A

hydramnios

88
Q

clinical findings: excessive uterine size, tense uterine wall, difficulty palpating fetal parts and hearing fetal heart tones

A

hydramnios

89
Q

clinical findings: mother may experience dyspnea, edema, and discomfort caused by pressure

A

hydramnios

90
Q

preeclampsia condition with proteinuria and edema

A

PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension

91
Q

clinical findings: 140+/90+ or 30/15 higher than baseline

A

PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension

92
Q

spontaneous rupture of uterine membranes before onset of labor

A

PROM premature rupture of membranes

93
Q

clinical findings: the passage of amniotic fluid from the vagina before labor

A

PROM premature rupture of membranes

94
Q

shortened thorax and anteroposterior diameter increased

A

kyphoscoliosis

95
Q

in response to stress or increased oxygen demand

A

heart size decreases

96
Q

decrease in height may occur more in women due to

A

osteoporosis

97
Q

irregularly shaped, flat, deeply pigmented macules that appear on body surface areas from exposure to sun

A

liver spots (solar lentigo) - (normal)

98
Q

pigmented raised, warty-appearing lesions that appear on trunk or face

A

seborrheic keratoses (normal)

99
Q

small, soft tag of skin that generally appears on neck and upper chest

A

skin tag (acrochordon) (normal)

100
Q

stiff neck in older adults may indicate

A

cervical arthritis

101
Q

lower lid drops away from globe

A

ectropion (abnormal)

102
Q

lower lid turns inward toward globe

A

entropion (abnormal)

103
Q

wrinkling lips

A

perléche

104
Q

red, edematous tongue with erosions may an indication for

A

iron-deficiency anemia

105
Q

oval yellow spot in center of retina that helps provide central vision

A

macular degeneration

106
Q

clinical findings: loss of central vision, decline in visual acuity, a dark spot in center of vision and straight lines look crooked

A

macular degeneration

107
Q

reduction in total numbers of circulating erythrocytes (red blood cells) or decrease in quantity or quality of hemoglobin

A

anemia

108
Q

clinical findings: cool and pale skin, tachycardia/phnea, tinnitus, lightheadedness

A

anemia

109
Q

when patient is unable to control urination

A

urinary incontience

110
Q

immediate urge to pee, leaking urine when laughing, coughing, or sneezing

A

urinary incontience

111
Q

ABCDE, flaking or scaly texture

A

melanoma

112
Q

afflicts light-skinned people
clinical findings: appears as a nodular with depressed centers and rolled borders

A

basal cell carcinoma

113
Q

invasive skin cancer
clinical findings: red scaly patch. slightly elevated and an ulcer may form around the redness

A

squamous cell carcinoma

114
Q

cloudy or blurred vision, glare from headlights, lamps, or sunlight, and diplopia

A

cataract

115
Q

intraocular pressure disease

A

glaucoma

116
Q

clinical findings: gradual and painless loss of peripheral vision

A

glaucoma

117
Q

diabetes mellitus can lead to poor vision due to

A

diabetic retinopathy

118
Q

structural changes, disorders of the inner ear, or problems with the auditory nerve

A

sensorineural hearing loss

119
Q

clinical findings: typical chief complaint is a decreased ability to hear and report muffled tones

A

conductive hearing loss

120
Q

clinical findings: presbycusis of high-pitched tones

A

sensorineural hearing loss

121
Q

interference of air conduction to the middle ear results in

A

conductive hearing loss

122
Q

hyperreactive and obstruction of airway disease

A

asthma

123
Q

clinical findings: wheezing, tachycardia/pnea, tightness in the chest

A

asthma

124
Q

pursed-lip breathing, clubbing, rhonchi, tripod

A

COPD

125
Q

infection of the terminal bronchioles and alveoli

A

pneumonia

126
Q

clinical findings: produces a productive cough called ___
and it also produces a nonproductive cough (clear sputum) called ____

A

viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia
pneumonia

127
Q

elevated systolic or diastolic pressure

A

hypertension

128
Q

____ is an important symptom of coronary artery disease, which indicated myocardial ischemia caused by a lack of oxygen

A

angina

129
Q

sudden or gradual onset, constant pain, 20min, 10/10

A

myocardial infarction (MI)

130
Q

acquired or congenital disorder of a heart valve

A

valvular heart disease VHD

131
Q

when the heart valve either open/closed

A

VHD valvular heart disease

132
Q

when either ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently into the aorta or pulmonary arteries

A

heart failure

133
Q

____ develops from arterial insufficiency

A

PAD peripheral arterial disease

134
Q

clinical findings: insufficiencies may produce ulcers, craterlike lesions on the skin

A

PAD peripheral arterial disease

135
Q

clinical findings: heartburn, dysphagia, regurgitation

A

GERD

136
Q

acidic gastric secretions flow into lower esophagus

A

GERD

137
Q

clinical findings: dysuria, urine with blood or cloudy sediment

A

UTI

138
Q

silent disease, loss of height, kyphosis

A

osteoporosis

139
Q

weight-bearing, loss of cartilage

A

osteoarthritis

140
Q

increase in uric acid

A

gout

141
Q

cyanotic joints, flank pain, kidney stones

A

gout

142
Q

unilateral numbness

A

cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

143
Q

tremors, shuffling gait, balance problems

A

parkinson

144
Q

decline in memory, incurable,

A

Alzheimer disease

145
Q

enlargement of prostate gland that usually affects older men

A

BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia

146
Q

clinical findings: sensation of not completely emptying the bladder after urinating, frequent urination, difficulty starting the urinary stream.

A

BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia

n405 (4 decks)

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