module 7 test Flashcards
(146 cards)
1
Q
heart rates are ____ in infants and children compared to adults?
A
higher
2
Q
blood pressure is ____ in children compared to adults?
A
lower
3
Q
if the infant becomes chilled during the assessment the skin will appear as
A
mottling, blotching or marbling
4
Q
infants the best temperature is
A
rectal temp
5
Q
newborns weigh about ____ and ____
A
5 lbs 8 oz and 8lbs and 13 oz
6
Q
it’s okay if a baby loses up to ____ of their weight
A
10%
7
Q
infants will ___ their birth weight by 4-6 months
A
double
8
Q
infants will ____ their birth weight by 12 months
A
triple
9
Q
baby acne is ___ and more common in ____
A
milia & boys
10
Q
red macules, papules, and pustules
A
erythema toxicum
11
Q
blue-purple flat spot normally around the butt
A
mongolian spot
12
Q
flat, round, spot, dark pigmented
A
cafe-au-lait spot
13
Q
red or pink spot often seen on the back of neck or eyelids
A
stork bites
14
Q
large, flat, bluish-purple capillary area. found around the face
A
nevus flammeus (port wine stains)
15
Q
slightly raised reddened areas with a sharp demarcation line (2-3cm) usually require treatment such as laser
A
strawberry hemangioma
16
Q
reddish-blue round mass of blood vessels. could continue to grow in size within the first year
A
cavernous hemangioma
17
Q
hairy newborns
A
lanugo hair
18
Q
when you see “sunken” you think __
A
dehydration
19
Q
when you see “bulging” you think
A
increased intracranial pressure
20
Q
soft spot at the top of their heads
A
anterior fontanelle
21
Q
short necks or webbing is a sign for
A
Turner syndrome or Down syndrome
22
Q
polyethylene tubes in tympanic membrane are placed to ___
A
relieve middle ear pressure and drain out
23
Q
crease on the nose (like you)
A
allergic salute
24
Q
teeth grinding
A
bruxism
25
darkened, brown, or black teeth may indicate
decay or oral iron therapy
26
high-pitched piercing sound primarily heard in distressed infant during inspiration
stridor
27
if an infant is having to work to breath
it is a medical emergency
28
how many arteries?
2
29
how many veins?
1
30
abdominal pain is always
abnormal findings
31
child laying on the bed, feel their hips and roll their hips to feel a smooooth ball-and-socket joint, no clicks
Barlow-Ortolani
32
if crepitus is heard during barlow-ortolani test
you may have a hip displacement
33
in lateral recumbent, and assessing knee height (same length?)
negative Allis test
34
startle infant
moro reflex
35
touch palm of infant hand and they hold it
palmar grasp reflex
36
infant in supine; rotate head to side so chin is over shoulder
tonic neck reflex
37
touch object to sole of infant's foot
plantar grasp reflec
38
stroke the lateral surface of infant's sole using J from sole to big toe
babinski
39
infant in upright position, feet flat on surface, "walking"
step in place reflex
40
dorsiflex foot; pinch sole of foot just under the toes
clonus
41
brush infant's cheek near corner of mouth
rooting response (awake) reflex
42
touch infants lips
sucking reflex
43
inflammation of the skin
atopic dermatitis
44
clinical findings: red, weeping, crusted lesions
atopic dermatitis
45
honey-colored crusted
impetigo
46
when a child doesn't want to lay flat nor suck, crying while trying to swallow
think ear pressure (aom)
47
arched back called
opisthotonos
48
arched back, stiff neck, extension of extremities may indicate
meningitis
49
irritant contact dermatitis due to reaction from urine, feces, moisture, or friction
diaper dermatitis
50
clinical findings: irritant rash involving skin areas that are in contact with diaper
diaper dermaitits
51
highly contagious infection caused by staphyl/strep
impetigo
52
clinical findings: lesions first appear on the trunk then spread to extremities and face
herpes varicella (chickenpox)
53
middle ear effusion that can be viral or bacterial
AOM acute otitis media
54
ear pain
otalgia
55
clinical findings: fever, vomiting, decreased hearing
AOM acute otitis media
56
inflammation of palpebral or bulbar conjunctivia
conjunctivitis
57
clinical findings: red, thick sticky discharge on eyelids
conjunctivitis
58
most common oropharyngeal infections among children
tonsillitis
59
clinical findings: sore throat, pain with swallowing, fever chills, tender lymph nodes
tonsillitis
60
incomplete fusion of maxillary process
cleft lip and cleft palate
61
clinical findings: diagnosed before/at birth, separation extending to floor of nostril
cleft lip and cleft palate
62
multisystem, autosomal recessive genetic disorder of exocrine glands
CF cystic fibrosis
63
clinical findings: thick, sticky mucus. frothy, greasy stool, clubbing and barrel chested
CF cystic fibrosis
64
airway obstruction, environmental exposures, allergens
childhood asthma
65
clinical findings: audible wheeze, shortness of breath, tachycardia, persistent cough
childhood asthma
66
wide range of upper airway illness resulting from edema of epiglottis and larynx
croup
67
clinical findings: inspiratory stridor, barking-like cough, and hoarseness, lethargy
croup
68
abnormal connection between left and right side of the heart
congenital heart defects
69
clinical findings: poor feeding, poor weight gain, elevated HR and RR
congenital heart defects
70
clinical findings: sucking, swallowing difficulties, toe walking
muscular dystrophies
71
inherited diseases progressed by muscle wasting dute to degeneration of muscle fibers
muscular dystrophies
72
abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid CSF
hydrocephalus
73
motor function disorders caused by permanent, nonprogressive brain injuries
cerebral palsy
74
spasticity, seizures, intellectual disability (retardation), muscle contractions, delayed motor development
cerebral palsy
75
ADHD
attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
76
more common in boys, inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
ADHD attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
77
___ palpated to determine consistency, shape, and mobility. This is done to determine which part of the fetus is at the fundas
fundal palpation
78
both sides of the uterus are palpated to identify the back/spine of the fetus
lateral palpation
79
this is done to assess which part of the fetus is in the pelvic inlet
symphysis pubic palpation
80
this is used to determine the fetal attitude and position
deep pelvic palpation
81
____ should never be considered normal and needs further evaluation
bleeding
82
cervix length and shortening due to dilation
effacement
83
premature separation of implanted placenta before birth of the fetus
abruptio placentae
84
clinical findings: bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine contractions
abruptio placentae
85
attachment in lower uterine segment near cervical vs higher up
placenta previa
86
clinical findings: painless vaginal bleeding seen in 3rd trimester, mild uterine contractions, uterus is soft and nontender
placenta previa
87
excessive quantity of amniotic fluid
hydramnios
88
clinical findings: excessive uterine size, tense uterine wall, difficulty palpating fetal parts and hearing fetal heart tones
hydramnios
89
clinical findings: mother may experience dyspnea, edema, and discomfort caused by pressure
hydramnios
90
preeclampsia condition with proteinuria and edema
PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension
91
clinical findings: 140+/90+ or 30/15 higher than baseline
PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension
92
spontaneous rupture of uterine membranes before onset of labor
PROM premature rupture of membranes
93
clinical findings: the passage of amniotic fluid from the vagina before labor
PROM premature rupture of membranes
94
shortened thorax and anteroposterior diameter increased
kyphoscoliosis
95
in response to stress or increased oxygen demand
heart size decreases
96
decrease in height may occur more in women due to
osteoporosis
97
irregularly shaped, flat, deeply pigmented macules that appear on body surface areas from exposure to sun
liver spots (solar lentigo) - (normal)
98
pigmented raised, warty-appearing lesions that appear on trunk or face
seborrheic keratoses (normal)
99
small, soft tag of skin that generally appears on neck and upper chest
skin tag (acrochordon) (normal)
100
stiff neck in older adults may indicate
cervical arthritis
101
lower lid drops away from globe
ectropion (abnormal)
102
lower lid turns inward toward globe
entropion (abnormal)
103
wrinkling lips
perléche
104
red, edematous tongue with erosions may an indication for
iron-deficiency anemia
105
oval yellow spot in center of retina that helps provide central vision
macular degeneration
106
clinical findings: loss of central vision, decline in visual acuity, a dark spot in center of vision and straight lines look crooked
macular degeneration
107
reduction in total numbers of circulating erythrocytes (red blood cells) or decrease in quantity or quality of hemoglobin
anemia
108
clinical findings: cool and pale skin, tachycardia/phnea, tinnitus, lightheadedness
anemia
109
when patient is unable to control urination
urinary incontience
110
immediate urge to pee, leaking urine when laughing, coughing, or sneezing
urinary incontience
111
ABCDE, flaking or scaly texture
melanoma
112
afflicts light-skinned people
clinical findings: appears as a nodular with depressed centers and rolled borders
basal cell carcinoma
113
invasive skin cancer
clinical findings: red scaly patch. slightly elevated and an ulcer may form around the redness
squamous cell carcinoma
114
cloudy or blurred vision, glare from headlights, lamps, or sunlight, and diplopia
cataract
115
intraocular pressure disease
glaucoma
116
clinical findings: gradual and painless loss of peripheral vision
glaucoma
117
diabetes mellitus can lead to poor vision due to
diabetic retinopathy
118
structural changes, disorders of the inner ear, or problems with the auditory nerve
sensorineural hearing loss
119
clinical findings: typical chief complaint is a decreased ability to hear and report muffled tones
conductive hearing loss
120
clinical findings: presbycusis of high-pitched tones
sensorineural hearing loss
121
interference of air conduction to the middle ear results in
conductive hearing loss
122
hyperreactive and obstruction of airway disease
asthma
123
clinical findings: wheezing, tachycardia/pnea, tightness in the chest
asthma
124
pursed-lip breathing, clubbing, rhonchi, tripod
COPD
125
infection of the terminal bronchioles and alveoli
pneumonia
126
clinical findings: produces a productive cough called ___
and it also produces a nonproductive cough (clear sputum) called ____
viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia
pneumonia
127
elevated systolic or diastolic pressure
hypertension
128
____ is an important symptom of coronary artery disease, which indicated myocardial ischemia caused by a lack of oxygen
angina
129
sudden or gradual onset, constant pain, 20min, 10/10
myocardial infarction (MI)
130
acquired or congenital disorder of a heart valve
valvular heart disease VHD
131
when the heart valve either open/closed
VHD valvular heart disease
132
when either ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently into the aorta or pulmonary arteries
heart failure
133
____ develops from arterial insufficiency
PAD peripheral arterial disease
134
clinical findings: insufficiencies may produce ulcers, craterlike lesions on the skin
PAD peripheral arterial disease
135
clinical findings: heartburn, dysphagia, regurgitation
GERD
136
acidic gastric secretions flow into lower esophagus
GERD
137
clinical findings: dysuria, urine with blood or cloudy sediment
UTI
138
silent disease, loss of height, kyphosis
osteoporosis
139
weight-bearing, loss of cartilage
osteoarthritis
140
increase in uric acid
gout
141
cyanotic joints, flank pain, kidney stones
gout
142
unilateral numbness
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
143
tremors, shuffling gait, balance problems
parkinson
144
decline in memory, incurable,
Alzheimer disease
145
enlargement of prostate gland that usually affects older men
BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia
146
clinical findings: sensation of not completely emptying the bladder after urinating, frequent urination, difficulty starting the urinary stream.
BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia
