Humanists (Maslow & Rogers)

Question 1

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs (Overview)

Answer 1

People are motivated by a hierachy of needs, starting wth basic physiological needs through psychological needs, to the need for self-fulfilment and living to one’s highest potential. Individuals must satisfy their more basic needs before they can address higher level needs.

Question 2

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs: Needs From Bottom to Top

Answer 2

Physiological; safety; love and belongingness; esteem needs; and self-actualisation

Question 3

Behaviours leading to self-actualisation (3 examples)

Answer 3

1. Experience life vividly with full concentration and absorption
2. Take responsibility for decisions and actions
3. Work to do well at the things you want to do and be as good as you can be

Question 4

How are Humanistic Theories Different to that of Freuds?

Answer 4

Unlike Freud, which focus on determinism or our lack of power over ourselves, they see the individual powerful

Question 5

Rogers Summary

Answer 5

-Psychological problems are due to a difference between their ideal self and perceived self
-People will grow if they receive positive regard

Unconditional positive regard: accepting people for what they are without any expectation of change

Well adjusted personality: a personality in which there is a good balance between one’s ideal self and one’s true self

Question 6

Benefits/Limitations of Humanistic Approach

Answer 6

Benefit
-Highlights the value of more individualistic and idiographic methods of study

Limitations
-Ignore the biological side of personality