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pediatrics > Milestones > Flashcards

Milestones Flashcards

1
Q

What can a 2 mo do?

A

Social Smile and coo
Vowel-like noises
bring hands to midline
Hands unfisted 50% of time
Retains rattle if placed in hand
Keep head up and pushing up on forearms / chest up
Head bobs in sitting position
Opens mouth at sight of breast or bottle
Can look at face and fixate/follow
Recongnizes mother
Alert to voice/sound
does NOT roll yet

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2
Q

What can a 3 mo do?

A

Props on forearms in prone position
Roll to side
Hands unfisted 50% of time
Inspects fingers, bats at objects
Brings hands to mouth
Reaches for face
Follows objects in circle (only in supine)
Regards toys
Expression of disgust (sour taste/loud sound)
Follows person moving across a room
Regards spearker
chuckle
Vocalizes when talked to

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3
Q

What can 1 mo do?

A

makes throaty noises (no cooing)
Hold up its chin when prone
Turns head in supine position
Sucks well
Follows face, gazes at black/white objects
Discriminates mother’s voice
Startles to voice/sound
Hold hands near face but NOT MIDLINE

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4
Q

3 yo

A

pedal a tricycle
walk on tiptoe
walk up stairs with alternating feet
balance on 1 foot for 3 seconds
catch a ball
use a fork and spoon
pour water from a small pitcher into a cup
imitate a circle
speak in 3+ word sentences with ¾ of their language understood by a stranger
follow complex commands
engage in make-believe play and turn taking.

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5
Q

What age do you turn from self to peers

A

8 yo

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6
Q

What age do you start engaging in competitive sports

A

8 yo

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7
Q

What age can a child follow only 1-step command without gesture.

A

14 mo

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8
Q

What age can a child name 1 object and point at object to express interest? (proto-declarative pointing?)

A

14 mo

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9
Q

What age can a child point to 1 body part, point to 1 of 3 objects when named, and get object from another room upon demand?

A

15 mo

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10
Q

How many words should a 15 mo speak

A

3-5 words outside of mama and papa

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11
Q

How many words should a 16 mo speak

A

5-10

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12
Q

15 mo milestone

A

climb on furniture, crawl up stairs, pick up a toy from a standing position, start to use a spoon, turn pages in a book, and show empathy, 3-5 words

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13
Q

24 mo/ 2 yo milestones

A

Walks down stairs holding rails, both feet on steps
Kicks ball without demonstration
Throws overhead
Makes single-line “train” of cubes
Imitates a circle
Imitates horizontal line
Opens door using knob
Sucks thru straw
Takes off clothes without buttons
pulls off pants
Sort objects
matches objects to pictures
shows use of familiar objects
Parallel play
Begins to mask emotions for social etiquette
follows two-step command
Understand me/you
Points to 5-10 pictures
2-word sentence
telegraphic speech
50+ words
50% intelligibility
refers to self by name
names 3 pictures

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14
Q

How many words should a 2 yo be able to speak, how many percent intelligibly

A

50+ words, 50%

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15
Q

4 yo fine motor skill milestones

A

copying a square, tying single knots, cutting a 5-inch circle, using tongs to transfer, writing part of the first name, imitating a gate with cubes, and drawing a 4- to 6-part person

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16
Q

9 mo fine motor skill

A

grasp a cube with the thumb and fingertips (“radial-digital grasp”), and bang 2 objects together. An inferior pincer grasp of a small object like dry cereal typically develops around 9 to 10 months of age as well

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17
Q

When can you start holding onto a crayon

A

12 mo

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18
Q

When can a child start scribbling with crayon

A

14-15 mo

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19
Q

When can you start spoon feeding (with spilling)

A

15 mo

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20
Q

When can a child start stacking cubes

A

12 mo

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21
Q

9 mo milestone

A

Pull to a stand and may begin to cruise
Bear crawls
radial-digital grip and bangs 2 objects together
say “mama” nonspecific and imitate sounds
orient to name and enjoy gesture games
and recognize familiar people visually and follow when someone points
Bites, chews cookie
Inspects bell, rings bell, pulls string to obtain ring
Uses sounds to get attention
Separation anxiety
Follows a point, “oh look at …”
Recognizes familiar people visually
Enjoys gesture games
Orients to name well
Orients to bell
Says “mama”
Nonreduplicative babble
Imitates sounds

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22
Q

Chronology of grasp by age

A

5 mo: palmar grasp
7 mo: radial-palmar grasp and raking pellet
8-9 mo: radial-digital cube grasp
10 mo: inferior pincer grasp by 10 months
12 mo: fine pincer grasp by 12 months.

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23
Q

4 mo milestones

A

Sit with trunk support
NO HEAD LAG when pulled to sit
Props on WRISTS
Rolls front to back
Hands held predominately open
Clutches at clothes
Reaches persistently
Plays with rattle
Briefly holds onto breast or bottle
Mouths objects
Stares longer at novel faces than familiar
Shakes rattle
Reaches for ring/rattle
Smiles spontaneously at pleasurable sight/sound
Stops crying at parent voice
To and fro alternating vocalizations
Orients head in direction of voice
Stops crying to soothing voice
Loughs out loud
Vocalizes when alone

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24
Q

5 mo milestones

A

sit with pelvic support
rolls BACK TO FRONT
puts arms out when falling (parachute)
Sits with arms supporting trunk
Palmar grasps cubes
TRANSFERs objects: hand-mouth-hand
Reaches/grasps dangling ring

25
Q

5 mo milestones

A

sit with pelvic support
rolls BACK TO FRONT
puts arms out when falling (parachute)
Sits with arms supporting trunk
Palmar grasps cubes
TRANSFERs objects: hand-mouth-hand
Reaches/grasps dangling ring
Gums/mouths pureed food
Turns head to look for dropped spoon
Regards pellet or small cracker
Recognizes caregiver visually
Forms attachment relationship to caregiver
Begins to respond to name
Says Ah-goo
Razzes, squeals
Expresses anger with sounds other than crying

26
Q

6 mo milestones

A

SITS momentarity propped on hands
Pivots in prone
in prone, bears weight on ONE hand
Transfers hand-hand
Rakes pellet
Takes second cube and holds on to first
Reaches with 1 hand
Feeds self crackers
Places hand on bottle
Touches REFLECTION, smiles, and vocalizes
Removes cloth on face
Bangs and shakes toys
Stranger anxiety (familiar vs. unfamiliar people)
Stops momentarily to “no”
Gestures for “up”
Reduplicative babble with consonants
Listens, then vocalizes with adult stops

27
Q

What age do you start feeding self with hand (no utensils)

A

6 mo

28
Q

7 mo milestones

A

Bounces when held
Sits without support steadily
Lateral protection
puts arms out to side for balance
radial palmar grasp
refuses excess food
explores diff aspects of toy
observes cube in each hand
finds partially hidden object
looks from object to parent and back when wanting help (eg winding a toy)
Looks toward familiar object when named
Attends to music
Increasing variety of syllables

29
Q

8 mo milestones

A

Gets into sitting position
Commando crawls
Pulls to sitting/kneeling position
Bangs spoon after demonstration
Scissor grasp of cube
Takes cube out of cup
Pulls out large peg
HOLDS OWN BOTTLE
Finger feeds cheerios or string beans
Seeks object after it falls silently to the floor
Lets parents know when happy vs. sad
Engages in gaze monitoring: adult looks away and child follows adult glance with own eyes
Responds to “come here”
Looks for family members, “where’s mama”
Says “dada” nonspecific”, echolalia (8-30 mo), shakes head “no

30
Q

At what age does a child start to show parents emotion?

A

8 mo

31
Q

10 mo milestones

A

Creeps well
Cruises around furniture using two hands
Stands with one hand held
Walks with two hands held
Clumsy release of cube
Inferior pincer grasp of pellet
Isolates index finger and pokes
DRINKS FROM CUP held for child
Uncovers toy under cloth
Pokes at pellet in bottle
Tries to put cube in cup, but may not be able to let go
Experiences fear
Looks preferentially when name is called
Enjoys PEEK-A-BOO
Waves BYE-BYE
Says “dada” - specific

32
Q

At which age do children start drinking from a cup?

A

10 mo but needs help

33
Q

11 mo milestone

A

Pivots in sitting position
Cruises furniture using one hand
Stands for a few seconds
Walks with one hand held
Throws objects
Stirs with spoon
Cooperates with dressing
Finds toy under cup
Looks at pictures in book
Gives objects to adult for action after demonstration
Stops activity when told “no”
Bounces to music
Says first word
Vocalizes to song

34
Q

12 mo milestone

A

Stands well with arms high, legs splayed
Posterior protection
Independent steps
SCRIBBLES after demonstration
Fine pincer grasp of pellet
Holds crayon
Attempts tower of two cubes
Finger feeds part of meal
Takes off hat
Rattles spoon in cup
Lifts box lid to find toy
SHOWS objects to parent to share interest
Points to get desired (proto-imperative pointing)
Follows one-step command with gesture
Recognizes names of two objects and looks when named
Uses several gestures with vocalizing
Points to get desired object

35
Q

At what age does child start scribbling

A

12 mo

36
Q

Following Commands by age

A

12 mo: 1 step with gesture
14 mo: 1 step without gesture
2 yo: 2 step
4 yo: follows 3-step commands

37
Q

Words by age

A

11 mo: 1st word
13 mo: 3 words
15 mo: 3-5 words
16 mo: 5-10 words
18 mo: 10-25 words
20 mo: 2-word combinations
22 mo: 25-50 words (adds one to 2 words/ week)
24 mo: starts 2-word combinations, 50+ words, 50% intelligibility
33 mo: counts to 3, past tense
3 yo: 200+ words, 3-word sentences 75% intelligibility, uses pronouns
4 yo: 300-1000 words, 100% intelligibility, tells stories
5 yo: Repeats 6-8 word sentences, 2000 words
6 yo: repeats 8-10 word sentences, 10,000 words, days of the week

38
Q

13 mo milestones

A

Walks with arms high and out (guarind)
Attempt to release pellet in bottle
DRINKS FROM CUP with some spilling
Dangles ring by string
Reaches around clear barrier to obtain object
Unwraps toy in cloth
Shows desire to please caregiver
SOLITARY PLAY
Functional play
Looks appropriately when asked, where’s the ball
3 WORDS
Immature jargoning

39
Q

14 mo

A

Stands without pulling up
Falls by collapse
WALKS WELL
IMITATES back and forth scribble
Adds third cube to a two-cube TOWER
Puts round peg in and out of hole
Removes SOCKS/SHOES
Chews well
Put SPOON in mouth, turns over
Dumps pellet out of bottle after demonstration
Points at object to express interest
Purposeful exploration of toys through trial and error
Follows ONE-STEP command without gesture
Names one object, points at object to express interest

40
Q

15 mo milestone

A

Stoops to pick up toy
Creeps up STAIRS
Runs stiff-legged
Walks carrying toy
Climbs on furniture
Builds 2-4 tower cube
Places 10 cubes in cup
Releases pellet into bottle
Uses spoon with some spilling
Attempts to brush own hair
Fusses to be changed
Turns pages in book
Places circle in single-shape puzzle
Shows empathy
Hugs adult in reprication
Recognizes without demonstration that a toy requires activation; hands it to adult if can’t operate
Points to 1 body part
Points to 1 of three objects when named
Gets object from another room on demand
Uses 3-5 words

41
Q

Towers by age

A

14 mo: 3 cubes
15 mo: 3-4 cubes
18 mo: 4 cubes
20 mo: 5-6 cubes
24 mo: train of cubes
30 mo: 8 cubes
33 mo: 9-10 cubes

42
Q

Stairs by age

A

15 mo: creeps up stairs
16 mo: walks up stairs with one hand held
20 mo: walks downstairs with one hand held
22 mo: walks up stairs holding rail, putting both feet on each step
24 mo (2 yo): walks down stairs holding rail, both feet on each step
28 mo: jumps from bottom step with one foot leading
3 yo: Goes up stairs alternating feet
5 yo: Goes down stairs alternating feet, holding onto rail

43
Q

Feeding by age

A

8 mo: holds own bottle
10 mo: drinks from cup held by adult
11 mo: stirs with spoon
12 mo: finger feeding
13 mo: drinks from cup alone with some spilling
14 mo: puts spoon in mouth
15 mo: uses spoon with some spilling
16: Picks up and drinks from cup
20 mo: places only edibles in mouth, feeds self with spoon entire meal
22 mo: Uses spoon well, drinks from cup well
3 yo: pours liquid from one container to another, INDEPENDENT EATING
4 yo: uses fork well
5 yo: spreads with knife

44
Q

Dressing self by age

A

12 mo: takes off hat
14 mo: removes socks/shoes
15 mo: attempts to brush own hair, fusses to be changed
18 mo: Removes garment
22 mo: unzips zippers, puts shoes away
24 mo (2 yo): takes off clothes without buttons, pulls off pants
28 mo: pulls pants up with assistance
33 mo: puns on coat unassisted
3 yo: puts on shoes without laces, unbuttons
4 yo: buttons
5 yo: INDEPENDENT DRESSING
6 yo: ties shoes, combs hair

45
Q

Body parts by age

A

15 mo: points to one body part
18 mo: 3 body parts
22 mo: 5-6 body parts
3 yo: names body parts with function, draws 2-3 part person
4 yo: DRAWS 4-6 part person
5 yo: DRAWS 8-10 part person
6 yo: draws 12-14 part person

46
Q

18 mo milestones

A

Creeps down stairs
Runs well
Seats self in small chair
Throws ball while standing
Makes 4-cube tower
Removes garment
Gets onto adult chair unaided
Moves about house without adult
Matches pairs of objects
Replaces circle in form board after turned around (trial-error)
Passes MCHAT
Engages in pretend play
Begins to show shame and possessiveness
Points to 2 of 3 objects when named
Points to 3 bdy parts
Points to self
Understands “mine”
Points to familiar people when named
10-25 words
Giant words
Imitates environmental sounds (animals)
Names one picture on demand

47
Q

At what age do children start to show possessiveness “mine”?

A

18 mo

48
Q

At what age can a child start walking on toes after demonstration AND can walk backwards?

A

28 mo

49
Q

At what age can a child jump in place

A

30 mo

50
Q

At what age can a child balance on one foot for 3 seconds?

A

3 yo

51
Q

At what age can a child balance on one foot for 4-8 seconds?

A

4 yo

52
Q

At what age can a child walk heel to toe? What about backwards heel-toe?

A

3 yo
Backwards: 5 yo

53
Q

At what age can a child balance on one foot for > 8 seconds?

A

5 yo

54
Q

At what age can a child verbalize toilet needs and holds self? At what age are they toilet trained?

A

28 mo
Toilet trained 33 mo

55
Q

At what age can a child wash their hands?

A

30 mo

56
Q

At what age can a child go to toilet alone and wipe after bowel movement? Can also brush their teeth alone!

A

4 yo

57
Q

At what age can child brush their teeth with assistance?

A

30 mo

58
Q

At what age can a child bathe independently?

A

5 yo

pediatrics (26 decks)

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