12-15

Question 1

hunds rule

Answer 1

electron fill in seperate orbitals before they start to share

Question 2

aufbau

Answer 2

lowest energy

Question 3

pauli

Answer 3

no electron has same four quantum numbers

Question 4

principle

Answer 4

the distance of electron to nucleus

Question 5

orbital

Answer 5

the probabaility of where an electron is found

Question 6

electrons behave like

Answer 6

waves, they are spread out in the atom

Question 7

orbitals can be

Answer 7

wave functions

Question 8

what is used to denote wave function

Answer 8

psi

Question 9

wave function

Answer 9

x, y, z psi

Question 10

electron density

Answer 10

greek rho

Question 11

regions where electrons are likely to be found have

Answer 11

high electron density

Question 12

regions where electrons are unlikely to be found have

Answer 12

low electron density

Question 13

how to calculate electron density

Answer 13

sqaure wave function

Question 14

how to calculate finding electron in a given small volume

Answer 14

volume * square of wave function

Question 15

orbital energy for only h atoms rely on

Answer 15

principal quantum number

Question 16

orbital energy in H are

Answer 16

degenerate, if they have the same n number for each orbital

Question 17

as n increases

Answer 17

energy increases of orbital. this is because the nucleus is positive and the electron is negative.

Why do electrons further from the nucleus have more energy? The farther away from the nucleus an electron is, the less effect the opposite charge (from the nucleus) has on the electron, ergo increasing its electrostatic/potential energy. Electrons closer to the nucleus also shield the outer electrons from some of the effects of the nucleus.

Question 18

orbital angular momentum quantum number

Answer 18

n-1

Question 19

nodes

Answer 19

a node in an orbital is a region between opposite phases where electron density is 0.

Question 20

angular nodes

Answer 20

angular nodes are node we encounter as we go around the orbital.

Question 21

angular nodes are equal to

Answer 21

l quantum number

Question 22

magnetic quantum number

Answer 22

distingushes the orientation of the orbitals

Question 23

s, p, d, f are

Answer 23

orbital types

Question 24

alpha spin

Answer 24

0.5

Question 25

beta spin

Answer 25

-0.5

Question 26

quantum spin number

Answer 26

always equal 0.5 it can equal up and down

Question 27

principal

Answer 27

size and energy

Question 28

the shape of the orbital depends on

Answer 28

distance from nucleus

Question 29

Radial dependance graph

Answer 29

distance from radius as x against the wavefunction

Question 30

why can wavefunction go up and down

Answer 30

positive and negative phase

Question 31

the wave

Answer 31

decays to 0. may go up and down