1.2 - 1.6 Flashcards
(32 cards)
The pressure of a tropical cyclones
Much lower air pressure than than the air surrounding. Highest pressure at the eye and lowest pressure at cloud bands
Whats the rotational direction
Depends on the hemisphere, northern is clockwise and southern is anticlockwise.
Structure of a cyclone
Centre is the eye with no wind. Around the eye is the eye wall. Very intense area. And goes further out in circles
Locations
Inter-tropical convergence zone
Explain the formation
Strong clusters of thunderstorms drift over warm water. Causing warm air to rise and creates low pressure at the surface. A trade wind then blows the cyclone causing the cyclone to start spinning
How do they intensify
Warmer waters, stronger winds and higher pressure
Why do they lose energy
They disperse when they go over water or when other weather systems come in contact
Hazards from tropical cyclones
Floods, storm surges, intense rainfall, land slides, strong winds
Impacts on people and environments
Loss of housing and companies, death, loss of property, decontamination of farms and water. Destruction of habitats and ecosystems. Increase of pollution
What areas are they the most vulnerable
Coastal areas as the storms are strongest and coastal areas are flooded. They also receive the full force of storm surges. Low lying areas can also be flooded. Islands as the energy isn’t decimated. Developing and emerging are effected more as they don’t have the money and resources to prepare and respond to storms effectively
What are the four different natural factors that have caused world climates to change
Orbital change: eccentricity, Tilt and precession(wobble). Astroid collisions, volcanic activity, solar output variation.
What is eccentricity
When the orbit of the earth changes from circular to elliptical every 100,000 years
What is tilt
The axis of the earths tilts more upright to more on its side throughout 41000 years
What is wobble
The axis tilt also wobbles like a spinning top throughout 26000 years
How does emission of dust effect global climate change
The dust blocks out the concentration of solar rays causing a cooling in the atmosphere
Is a sun spot hot or cold?
A black spot is very hot as it means more is burning
What do ice cores tell us and how?
It shows the amount of CO2 containing. We can also measure temperature using relative amounts of oxygen atoms
How can tree rings teach us of the climate change
We can tell that the thicker the ring, the more rainfall that season had.
What does historical evidence tell us?
Evidence such as photos, stories and diaries can teach us a lot about how the world and the climate looked like many years ago
Evidence that the earth was hotter
Romans were able to grow grape vines in Britain.
Evidence that the earth was colder
The many ice ages, the river thames used to freeze over during all of winter.
How have humans enhanced greenhouse gases
Through industry CO2 is released and trees are cut down, through agriculture trees are also cut down and methane is released which is 21 times worse than CO2. Through transport, cars and planes are becoming cheaper so more nitrous oxide is released which is 250 times worse. Due to demand of energy fossil fuels are burnt causing CO2 to be released and large areas of forests are cut down
Factors that show climate is changing
The temperatures are significantly rising, top 10 warmest are in the 2000s. Artic ice has decreased to half the amount since 1979. Sea levels have risen by 210mm from 1870.
How can we prepare and respond to a tropical cyclone
We can prepare by forcasting/tracking the storm. Warning and evacuating the area and building designs to withstand a storm surge. We can respond by sending rescue teams ,rebuilding the area and draining the water
