12] Burns

Question 1

Who is at risk for burns

Answer 1

Kids
Elderly
Young males with high risk jobs

Question 2

Types of thermal contact

Answer 2

Flame
Hot liquid
Steam

Question 3

Thermal-factors influencing severity

Answer 3

Contact time
Temperature
Type of insult

Question 4

Wet heat from steamor fluid transfers

more heat to the body than a flame

Answer 4

Scald

Question 5

Exposure to acids, bases, industrial accidents,

assaults

Answer 5

Chemical burns

Question 6

Factors influencing severity of chemical burns

Answer 6

Contact time
Chemical concentration
Type of chemical

Question 7

Due to direct damage to DNA

Answer 7

Radiation burn

Question 8

Recurrent exposure tolow doses of radiation produce erythema, edema and severe induration

Answer 8

Radiation burns

Question 9

Thermal injury to skin and effect of electrical current

Answer 9

Electrical burn

Question 10

Electrical burn- dry skin increases risk of skin injury but decreases risk of

Answer 10

Internal injury

Question 11

Factors influencing electrical burn

Answer 11

Contact time

Voltage

Question 12

Risk increased by 
peripheral artery 
disease, Raynaud’s 
disease, DM, 
smoking, use of betablockers, ETOH

Answer 12

Frostbite burn

Question 13

What areas are injured with frostbite

Answer 13

Nose
Ears
Fingers
Toes

Question 14

Most severe injury ->irreversible cell injury

– May expand 48 hrs after burn

Answer 14

Zone of coagulation

Question 15

Less severe injury ->reversible cell injury; sluggish blood flow

Answer 15

Zone of stasis

Question 16

Inflamed area but expected to fully recover

within 7-10 daysof injury

Answer 16

Zone of hyperemia

Question 17

4 depth categories of burns

Answer 17

1- superficial
2- superficial partial thickness
3- deep partial thickness
4- full thickness

Question 18

damage to epidermis with
erythema, pain,
edema

Answer 18

Superficial burn

Question 19

Ex] sunburn

Answer 19

Superficial burn

Question 20

Should heal spontaneously in afew days without
scarring
 May exfoliate

Answer 20

Superficial burn

Question 21

Injured epidermis sloughs within a few days

 May have itching as it heals

Answer 21

Superficial burns

Question 22

damage to epidermis

& slightly into papillary Dermis

Answer 22

Superficial partial thickness burn

Question 23

Caused by scalds, brief contact and brief

flame

Answer 23

Superficial partial thickness burns

Question 24

Erythema, extreme pain, moderate edema And Blistering (up to 5 days)
 Intact sensory receptors
 Blanches to pressure with quick capillary
refill
 Large amounts of drainage
 Should heal in 10-14 days with minimal
scarring

Answer 24

Superficial partial thickness burn

Question 25

damage to epidermis & deep into dermis with less pain, edema and eschar – Extends into reticular layer ofdermis

Answer 25

Deep partial thickness burn

Question 26

Mottled red and white areas | – Decreased pinprick but intact pressure sensation

Answer 26

Deep partial thickness burn

Question 27

Blanches to pressure with slow capillary refill | – Heals in 3 weeks with scarring and pigment changes

Answer 27

Deep partial thickness burn

Question 28

damage to epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue with little to no pain

Answer 28

Full thickness burn

Question 29

``` Risk of infection increases – Will not heal on own or would take three to four months – Grafting necessary – May have contractures ```

Answer 29

Full thickness burn

Question 30

Mottled appearance  Dry, rigid, leathery eschar  Lack pain, pressure and temperature sensation

Answer 30

Full thickness burn

Question 31

How do you calculate size of burns

Answer 31

Rule of 9s

Question 32

Charts used with assigned percentages to body areas  Used for infants and young children

Answer 32

Lund and browder method

Question 33

Goals of subacute phase

Answer 33

Prevent contractures and neuropathies Maintain function Ambulate

Question 34

3 phases of burn care

Answer 34

Emergent Subacute Rehab

Question 35

3 dressings used in burn treatment center

Answer 35

Antibacterial creams Silver impregnated products Enzymatic debriders

Question 36

2 types of antibacterial creams

Answer 36

Silvadene/Silver sulfadiazine | Sulfamylon

Question 37

2 types of silver impregnated products

Answer 37

Acticoat | Aquacel Ag

Question 38

1 Type of enzymatic debridement for burns

Answer 38

Santyl

Question 39

Treatment of superficial burns

Answer 39

Don’t need topical anti microbials

Question 40

Treatment for superficial partial thickness burns

Answer 40

Can use topical antimicrobial ointment such as bacitracin

Question 41

Treatment for deep partial thickness burns

Answer 41

Can use topical antimicrobial ointment such as bacitracin

Question 42

``` Ace wraps  Tubigrip  Isotoner/edema gloves  Coban  Pressure garments  Silon/elastomer ```

Answer 42

Interventions for scarring

Question 43

Should not mobilize on

Answer 43

Intact scabs

Question 44

stabilize two areas along a scar while pulling the scar perpendicular

Answer 44

Plucking- scar mob

Question 45

grasping a segment of the scar | and pulling the skin parallel to the incision

Answer 45

Rolling - scar mob

Question 46

Overrepair type: Rise above the level of Surrounding skin

Answer 46

Hypertrophic scar

Question 47

More persistent, tend to regrow if excised, and extend beyond the area of injury

Answer 47

Keloid

Question 48

Loss of inhibition onfibroblasts and has increased collagen accumulation

Answer 48

Keloid overrepair