1.2 Cell structure and organisation Flashcards

(21 cards)

1
Q

Organelle

A

A specialised structure with a specific function inside a cell

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2
Q

Plasmodesmata (singular - plasmodesma)

A

Fine strands of cytoplasm that extend through pores in plant cell walls, connecting the cytoplasm of one cell with that of another

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3
Q

Prokaryote

A

A single celled organism lacking membrane-bound organelles, such as a nucleus, with its DNA free in the cytoplasm

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4
Q

Eukaryote

A

An organism containing membrane-bound organelles, with DNA in chromosomes within the nucleus

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5
Q

Differentiation

A

The development of a cell into a specific type (with a specific function)

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6
Q

Tissue

A

A group of cells working together with a common function, structure and origin within the embryo

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7
Q

Organ

A

A group of tissues in a structural unit, working together to perform a specific function

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8
Q

Magnification

A

The number of times an image is bigger than the object from which it’s derived

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9
Q

Resolution (microscope 🔬)

A

The smallest distance that can be distinguished as 2 separate points in a microscope

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10
Q

What is cell theory

A

New cells are made from existing cells
The cell is the basic/fundamental unit of structure function and organisation in all living organisms

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11
Q

3 types of epithelial tissue

A

Columnar/ciliated columnar epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium

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12
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium
(Structure, where found)

A

1 cell thick
Cube shaped cells lying on a basement membrane (made of collagen and protein)
Like kidney tubule and small intestine

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13
Q

Ciliated Columnar epithelium
Structure, function, where found

A

Elongated cells
Have cilia attached which sweep substances asking
Function-transport of substances
-mucus in bronchi , egg in fallopian tubes

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14
Q

Squamous epithelium
Structure, function, where found

A

Flattened cells on a basement membrane
Small pores between cells therefore permeable
Allow materials to pass through
Wall of alveoli, bowman’s capsule

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15
Q

3 types of tissue

A

Muscular, epithelial, connective

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16
Q

3 types of muscular tissue

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

17
Q

Skeletal muscle
Structure function where found contraction tire? Voluntary? Striated

A

Move skeleton
Bands of long cells- making up fibres
Attached to bones
Powerful contraction
Tire easily
Voluntary
Striated

18
Q

Cardiac muscle
Where found
Structure
Contractions
Tire
Voluntary

A

Only found in heart
Cells have stripes but not fibres
Contract rhythmically
Do not tire
Involuntary

19
Q

Smooth muscle
Structure
Voluntary
Striated
Contractions
Where found

A

Individual spindle shaped cells
Involuntary unstriated
Rhythmic but less powerful contractions
Skin, blood vessels, digestive tracts (gut)

20
Q

Connective tissue

A

Connects supports separates organs and tissues
Contains elastic and collagen fibres
In an extra cellular fluid
Between fibres after fat storing cells and immune cells

21
Q

2 types of connective tissue

A

Areolar- connected tissues and organs
Adipose- fatty cells- energy store, thermal insulation, protection. Under skin & around organs