1.2 equality Flashcards
What is equality of opportunity?
every person should be able to have the same opportunities in life
What is basic/simple equality?
everyone has the same amount of goods BUT this doesn’t work because everyone has different needs and don’t need the same things
What is equality of need?
equality is best achieved by satisfying people’s needs
- solves the problem of simple equality
What is equality of desert?
goods should be distributed to the extent that people deserve them, like a meritocracy
What is eqaulity of utility?
entitlement to equal wellbeing and those things that bring about said wellbeing
What is Nozick’s Equality of rights?
‘what’s mine is mine to do with as I wish’ BUT each individual must respect and protect the rights of the other to do the same
What are Christian views on gender equality?
two main approaches:
1) complementarian = a traditional view e.g Genesis 2:23 - women are created as a helpmate, reject contraception and abortion and reject a female clergy
2) egalitarian = argue for complete equality, accept a female clergy, Genesis 1:27 - all created in the image of God
What was Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s view on gender equality?
Christian churches’ attitudes towards women as key contributers to female oppresssion
- She published ‘The Woman’s Bible’ = discussing the scriptural treatment of women
What was Simone de Beauvoir’s view on gender equality?
- there is a difference between an individual’s biological sex and their gender, which is defined by society
- women have been placed in a role by society
- thought that men and women’s differences shouldn’t prevent them from being equal
What did John Locke and John Stuart Mill say about gender equality?
they defended the rights of women and men to the freedom of speech and action
- In ‘On Liberty’, Mill argues that people should be free to do what they want, as long as they don’t harm others = the harm principle
What does the Bible say about racism?
Gal 3:28 = ‘For you are all one in Christ Jesus’
Lev 19:34 = ‘treat the stranger who sojourns with you as the native among you, and you shall love him as yourself’
Ex 21:20-21 = a man who beats his slave to death will be punished, but if he lives that is fine
Eph 6:6 = ‘bondservants, obey your earthly master with fear and trembling, with a sincere heart, as you would Christ’
What does the church say about racism?
ALL churches argue that racism+discrimination have no place in the religion or the church
What is direct racism?
an individual is treated less favourably or not given equal opportunities due to their skin colour or ethnicity
What is indirect racism?
where particular policies or practices disadvantage a community or section of society
What is institutional racism?
racism within the key institutions of society, includes government organisations or the police
