12: Facial Muscles

Question 1

single bones

Answer 1

frontal
mandible
occiput
sphenoid

Question 2

paired bones that meet in the middle

Answer 2

maxilla

nasal

Question 3

paired bones that do not meet in the middle

Answer 3

zygoma

lacrimal

Question 4

muscles of mastication

Answer 4

temporalis m, masseter m., 2 others??

Question 5

motor innervation of the muscles of mastication

Answer 5

trigeminal nerve - mandibular division V3

Question 6

motor innervation of muscles of facial expression

Answer 6

facial nerve

Question 7

occipitofrontalis m.

Answer 7

• has some muscle on the frontal bone and on the occipital bone with fascia in between
• raises eyebrows in surprise/wrinkles back of neck

Question 8

epicranial aponeurosis

Answer 8

the fascia in between the frontal and occipital muscles of the occipitofrontalis

Question 9

orbicularis oculi m.

Answer 9

palpebral portion - blinks eye
orbital portion - closes eye tightly
lacrimal portion - squeezes tears into lacrimal duct

Question 10

corrugator supercilii m.

Answer 10

deep to frontal belly of occipitofrontalis and orbital part of orbicularis oculi - wrinkles the nose and forehead as in frowning

Question 11

compressor naris m. aka nasalis m.

Answer 11

compresses the nasal cartilages

Question 12

dilator naris m.

Answer 12

on either side of the nostril, on the nalae of the nose, it dilates the nostril so one can take inhale deeply

Question 13

procerus m.

Answer 13

near midline of bridge of the nose (between the eyes, on the forehead) - wrinkles the nose

Question 14

levator labii superioris m.

Answer 14

a muscle that runs from the base of the eye to the top of the lips - was tagged on our body on the practice practical - it’s not the most vertical one closest to the nose (levator labii superioris alequae nasi) - for sneers

Question 15

levator labii superioris alequae nasi m.

Answer 15

runs from top of mouth to tear duct, almost straight up, along the side of the nose - extension of levator labii, brings lip up to nose

Question 16

levator anguli oris m.

Answer 16

deep to levator labii and zygomaticus muscles

helps smile

Question 17

depressor labii inferioris m.

Answer 17

under the lips, superficial to the mentalis m. but deep to the depressor anguli oris m.
makes pouty lip

Question 18

depressor anguli oris m.

Answer 18

frowning

superficial muscle of face - below lips, superficial to depressor labii inferioris

Question 19

zygomaticus major and minor mm.

Answer 19

smile muscles - run diagonally from top of lip to cheek bone - minor is more medial and smaller

Question 20

risorius m.

Answer 20

take corners of lips and draw lines straight back - this is where this muscle lies (very superficial too)
grimace

Question 21

orbicularis oris m.

Answer 21

circular muscle that runs around the mouth - puckers mouth, keeps mouth closed in constant tone - some fibers are derived from buccinator muscle

Question 22

smiling muscles

Answer 22

zygomaticus major and minor

levator anguli oris

Question 23

buccinator m.

Answer 23

“trumpet blowing muscle”, runs deep to the masseter, keeps food in oral cavity; arises from pterygomandibular raphe - fibers blend with those of the orbicularis oris m.

Question 24

facial nerve provides

Answer 24

motor innervation to muscles of facial expression

Question 25

facial nerve branches

Answer 25

To Zanzibar By Motor Car - plus two others passes through the stylomastoid foramen - nerve to stylohyoid and posterior auricular n. ``` temporal branch zygomatic branch buccal branch mandibular branch (aka marginal mandibular branch) cervical branch ```

Question 26

trigeminal nerve

Answer 26

sensory to skin of face and scalp and motor to muscles of mastication opthalmic - V1 maxillary - V2 mandibular - V3

Question 27

V1: opthalmic

Answer 27

LIESS ``` lacrimal infratrochlear external nasal supratrochlear supraorbital ```

Question 28

V2: maxillary

Answer 28

IZZ infraorbital zygomaticotemporal zygomaticofacial

Question 29

V3: mandibular

Answer 29

BAM buccal (aka long buccal) ariculotemporal mental

Question 30

cervical plexus branches that innervate the face specifically

Answer 30

GA - great auricular LO - lesser occipital (sensory to skin of face and scalp)

Question 31

main arteries of the face

Answer 31

facial artery superficial temporal artery opthalmic artery

Question 32

facial a.

Answer 32

branches from external carotid shares common branch with lingual a. ``` branches include: submental a. (to chin and lower lip) inferior labial a. superior labial a. (w/ branch toward nasal cavity) lateral nasal a. terminates as angular a. ```

Question 33

mental artery

Answer 33

tagged on the practice practical

Question 34

superficial temporal a.

Answer 34

courses through the parotid gland | gives rise to the transverse facial a.

Question 35

arteries from internal carotid a.

Answer 35

supratrochlear a. | supraorbital a.

Question 36

parotid gland and duct

Answer 36

largest salivary gland, lies anterior to the ear delivers salivary secretions to the mouth via parotid duct, which courses the superficial/lateral surface of the masseter before piercing through the buccinator m. enters vestibule just opposite the 2nd maxillary molar

Question 37

bregma

Answer 37

where the coronal suture meets the interparietal

Question 38

midline structures of the skull

Answer 38

``` bregma globela nasion internasal suture anterior nasal spine intermaxillary suture mental protuberance ```

Question 39

don't confuse the two buccal branches

Answer 39

buccal branch of the facial - superficial to the masseter | buccal branch of the trigeminal (long buccal) - deep to the masseter - tagged on practice practical

Question 40

infraorbital n. of trigeminal

Answer 40

V2 - three branches: inferior palprable, lateral nasal, superior labial