12 principles of animation Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the 12 principles of animation?
- Squash and Stretch
- Timing and Spacing
- Anticipation
- Ease In and Ease Out (Slow In and Slow Out)
- Staging
- Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose
- Follow Through and Overlapping Action
- Arcs
- Secondary Action
- Exaggeration
- Solid Drawing
- Appeal
- Squash and Stretch
What is squash and stretch in animation?
It is the change of shape in an object to give the feeling of flexibility and life during motion.
How does squash and stretch affect the shape of a falling ball?
The ball stretches as it falls and squashes upon impact with the ground, maintaining its volume.
- Timing and Spacing
What is the difference between timing and spacing?
Timing refers to how fast or slow an object moves, while spacing refers to the position of the object in each frame.
How does spacing affect an animation of a heavy object?
Larger spacing with fewer frames makes the object move faster and appear heavier.
- Anticipation
What is anticipation in animation?
It is the preparation for an action, usually a small movement in the opposite direction of the main action.
How can anticipation direct the viewer’s attention?
A character looking off-screen can cue the viewer that something important is about to happen in that direction.
- Ease In and Ease Out (Slow In and Slow Out)
What does ease in and ease out do in animation?
It makes motion more realistic by gradually speeding up and slowing down at the beginning and end of movement.
How can you create ease in and ease out in animation?
Use more frames near the starting and ending points of the action to create smoother transitions.
- Staging
What is staging in animation?
Staging is the clear presentation of an idea or action, ensuring the viewer understands what is happening.
How can staging improve clarity in a scene?
By adjusting composition, lighting, and character poses to focus attention on the important action or element.
- Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose
What is straight ahead action?
Straight ahead action is animating frame by frame from start to finish, relying on each previous frame.
What is pose to pose animation?
Pose to pose animation involves drawing key poses first and then filling in the in-betweens for better control and timing.
- Follow Through and Overlapping Action
What is follow through in animation?
Follow through refers to parts of a character or object continuing to move after the main body stops, creating a realistic motion.
What is overlapping action?
Overlapping action is when different parts of a character or object move at different rates or times, adding realism to the movement.
- Arcs
What are arcs in animation?
Arcs are the natural, curved paths objects follow when they move, making the motion appear more natural.
Why are arcs important in animation?
They add smoothness and realism to the movement, avoiding unnatural or stiff animations.
- Secondary Action
What is secondary action in animation?
Secondary action is a smaller, supplementary action that supports the main action, adding depth and interest.
Give an example of secondary action.
While a character is walking, their arms swinging would be a secondary action that complements the main movement.
- Exaggeration
What is exaggeration in animation?
Exaggeration is the intentional overstatement of actions or expressions to enhance the animation’s appeal and emotional impact.
How can exaggeration be used effectively?
It can make characters’ emotions, movements, or actions more dynamic and engaging by amplifying them beyond normal levels.
- Solid Drawing
What is solid drawing in animation?
Solid drawing refers to giving characters and objects a sense of three-dimensional form and weight, even in a 2D medium.
Why is solid drawing important?
It ensures that characters and objects feel consistent, well-structured, and believable in their movements.
- Appeal
What is appeal in animation?
Appeal refers to how attractive and engaging a character or animation is to the audience.
