1.2 - Prokaryote and Eukaryote Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the two major cell types?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
List three common features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- Cell membrane
- Nucleic acids
- Ribosomes
What do prokaryotic cells lack compared to eukaryotic cells?
Internal membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.
What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?
1-10 µm.
What type of chromosome do prokaryotic cells usually have?
Single circular chromosome.
What is the composition of a prokaryotic cell wall?
Peptidoglycan.
What are the three common shapes of prokaryotic cells?
- Rod-shaped
- Spherical (coccus)
- Spiral (spirilla)
What is the size range of eukaryotic cells?
10-100 µm.
What organelles are present in eukaryotic cells?
Membrane-bound organelles.
What is a unique feature of eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?
Presence of a nucleus.
What types of organisms are primarily made up of eukaryotic cells?
- Plants
- Animals
- Fungi
- Protists
How do fungal cells differ from animal cells?
Fungal cells have a cell wall made of chitin.
What are protists?
Unicellular eukaryotic cells with characteristics of both animal and plant cells.
True or False: Prokaryotes have more than one chromosome.
False.
Fill in the blank: Prokaryotes have _______ ribosomes.
Ribosomes to assemble proteins.
How is DNA structured in prokaryotic cells?
Single, circular chromosome.
What is the location of DNA in eukaryotic cells?
Nucleus.
What type of energy storage molecule do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use?
ATP molecules.
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells in terms of internal structure?
More complex internal structure.
What do prokaryotic cells use instead of membrane-bound organelles?
Functions typically occur in the cytoplasm.
