MSK

Question 1

which 5 cancers commonly metastasise to bones?

Answer 1

Prostrate
Breast
Kidney
Thyroid
Lung

Question 2

what is critical illness polyneuromyopathy?

Answer 2

when after critical care muscles and nerves get damaged and you have to learn to use them again.

Question 3

what is chondrocalcinosis?

Answer 3

another word for pseudogout-calcium pyrophosphate crystals deposited in joints

Question 4

what is osteogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 4

group of genetic disorders that mainly affect bones, making them abnormally brittle and prone to breaking.

Question 5

what is the conservative cataract management?

Answer 5

refrain from surgical management until symptoms affect lifestyle
controlling diabetes, smoking, steroid use, UV exposure

Question 6

what sort of crystals does pseudogout produce?

Answer 6

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPDD)

Question 7

what do pseudogout crystals look like under the microscope?

Answer 7

rhomboid crystals with weak positive bifringence

Question 8

what is de quervain’s tenosynovitis?

Answer 8

painful inflammation of tendons on the side of the wrist at the base of the thumb -symptoms=pain at base of thumb, swelling, difficulty with grip

Question 9

what are 2 tests for carpal tunnel?

Answer 9

phalen’s
tinel’s

Question 10

what is froment’s test for?

Answer 10

ulnar nerve motor function

Question 11

what is allen’s test for?

Answer 11

arterial flow to the hand

Question 12

what are the first 3 treatments for ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 12

1) physio
2) NSAIDs for pain
3) injection of corticosteroids

Question 13

what is the most common causative agent of osteomyelitis?

Answer 13

staph aureus

Question 14

what is a key feature of meniscal injury?

Answer 14

knee locking

Question 15

what is the histopathology of asthma?

Answer 15

bronchial smooth muscle hyperplasia and mucosal oedema

Question 16

what do you use to stage a #NOF?

Answer 16

garden staging

Question 17

what does tinel’s test do?

Answer 17

tapping over the flexor retinaculum-praesthesia in thumb and 2 1/2 fingers-testing median nerve.

Question 18

what is the treatment of choice for polymyalgia rheumatica?

Answer 18

oral prednisolone

Question 19

what is the classic triad of symptoms for reactive arthritis?

Answer 19

urethritis, arthritis, conjunctivitis

Question 20

what is the most common cause of reactive arthritis?

Answer 20

chlamydia

Question 21

what does it suggest if a SLR causes pain on the back of the leg?

Answer 21

sciatic nerve pain -positive SLR test

Question 22

what is the presentation of spinal stenosis?

Answer 22

back or leg pain that is associated with numbness and weakness that worsens on walking but is relieved by rest

Question 23

what do you give for suspicion of neoplastic spinal cord compression?

Answer 23

high dose oral dexamethasone
with PPI cover

Question 24

what is intermittent claudication?

Answer 24

muscle pain that happens when you’re active and stops when you rest

Question 25

what do you need to do in a confirmed osteoporotic patient before giving bisphosphanates?

Answer 25

wcorrect calcium or vitamin D deficiency

Question 26

gout and pseudogout -which type of bifringent are each of them?

Answer 26

gout -negatively bifringent
pseudogout -positively bifringent

Question 27

what is the diagnostic test of choice for RA?

Answer 27

anti-CCP

Question 28

what do bloods look like for methotrexate toxicity?

Answer 28

bone marrow suppression -normocytic anaemia, low platelets

Question 29

which nerve is commonly affected in colle’s fracture and what does this mean?

Answer 29

median nerve most commonly damaged
inability to abduct thumb

Question 30

what is the difference between ANA levels in psoriatic arthritis and SLE?

Answer 30

psoriatic: 50% of patients are ANA positive at low titre
SLE: positive at high titre

Question 31

what is lancinating pain?

Answer 31

piercing/stabbing

Question 32

what is felty’s syndrome?

Answer 32

rare autoimmune disorder-triad of RA, low WCC, and splenomegaly

Question 33

what is the best imaging for meniscal tears?

Answer 33

MRI

Question 34

what is the classic presentation of meniscal tear?

Answer 34

twisting injury
worse on straightening knee, knee giving way/locking, tenderness on joint line

Question 35

which type of medications make gout worse?

Answer 35

thiazide like diuretics (increase urate)