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M12 Notes > 12.05 Structure > Flashcards

12.05 Structure Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q
A
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2
Q

What are the 6 different types of load?

A

Tension
Compression
Torsion
Shear
Bending
Hoop stress

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3
Q

3 structure classifications?

A

Primary, secondary and tertiary

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4
Q

What is primary structure?

A

Main load bearings parts of the Helicopter

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5
Q

What is primary structure sub divided into? (2)

A

Vertical elements (bulkheads)
Longitudinal elements (stringers/longerons)

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6
Q

What is secondary structure ?

A

Every thing that isn’t primary

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7
Q

What is tertiary structure?

A

Cowls and fairings

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8
Q

What is the fail safe concept ?

A

Members being duplicated so if one fails another takes the load

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9
Q

What is the safe life concept?

A

A prediction on how long the component can stay in service before reaching fatigue damage

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10
Q

What is the Damage tolerance concept?

A

Designed so that the damage can be easily detected during normal inspection cycles

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11
Q

What is the name of the three types of lines a helicopter is split into?

A

Stations
Buttock lines
Water lines

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12
Q

How do stations divide a helicopter?

A

Vertically nose to tail

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13
Q

How do buttock lines divide a helicopter?

A

Slice the aircraft in half from the middle outwards

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14
Q

How do water lines divide the aircraft?

A

Cut the aircraft top to bottom

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15
Q

What is tension ?

A

Stress produced by pulling a member apart acting in opposite directions

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16
Q

What is Compression?

A

Squeezing a member

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17
Q

What is bending loads ?

A

Combination of tension and bending

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18
Q

What are torsion loads?

A

Twisting the structure

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19
Q

What are shear loads ?

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A

Created when two layers slide across one another

20
Q

What is hoop stress ?

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A

Mechanical stress defined for rotationally symmetric objects (e.g gearbox)

21
Q

Lightning strikes result in two types if damage what are they ?

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A

Direct damage (burned and melted surface)
indirect damage (damage to electrical wiring)

22
Q

What method is mainly used in composite structure to disparate lighting strikes?

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A

Imbedded copper or aluminium mesh inside the structure

23
Q

4 types of fuselage construction ?

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A

Truss design (lattice)
Monocoque
Semi-monocoque
Reinforced shell

24
Q

What carries the primary loads in monocoque skin ?

25
How is the skin attached in Semi-monocoque ?
By stringers
26
What does Reinforced shell fusealage use where doors or opening are cut into the skin?
They use longerons
27
What are frames and formers used for ?
Providing shape and attachment points for structure
28
What are longerons used for ?
Takes up the primary bending loads
29
What are stringers used for ?
Smaller and lighter longerons and serve as fill ins
30
What are doublers used for ?
Reinforce the skin. They are found around doors and windows
31
What are struts ?
Rod/member designed to take compressive loads
32
What is a tie rod ?
A rod or member designed to take tensile loads
33
What are floorboards made up of ?
A honeycomb structure
34
Why is the tail rotor raised to the same height as the main rotor ?
To help correct tail rotor roll
35
Why are tail rotor pylons shaped like an aero foil ?
To help with anti-torque
36
What is one of the main purposes of the tail boom ?
To act as a lever for the tail rotor to act which creates more force to counteract the main rotor
37
What does the horizontal stabiliser do ?
Generates negative lift to keep the tail down
38
What is attached to the sides of some horizontal stabilisers and what do they do ?
Vertical stabilisers and they are used to unload the tail rotor in forward flight
39
What are cockpit seats usually installed on and why ?
Seat rails and this is so the rails can be replace in the event they get damaged
40
Two types of cargo doors ?
Clamshell (BO-105) Ramp(S-92)
41
What are windows made up of ?
One layer of glass on the outside and one layer of plexiglass on the inside
42
Three types of damage on windows ?
Delamination/bubbling Chips,cracks or scratches Discolouration
43
Where and why is fuel stored in helicopters ?
In tanks directly bellow the main rotor to not throw of the C of G
44
Two types of fuel tanks ?
Rigid plastic Rubberised flexible materials
45
Two categories of aircraft fire protection?
Category A (fireproof) Category B(fire resistant for at least 5 mins)
46
Firewalls must be flame resistant for ?
At least 15 mins
47
When are symmetry checks carried out ?
After special events and at regular intervals

M12 Notes (19 decks)

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