12.1 Bio

Question 1

What is the theory of evolution?

Answer 1

The theory of evolution explains how species change over time through processes like natural selection and genetic drift.

Question 2

True or False: Natural selection is the process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: __________ is the mechanism by which evolution occurs through differential survival and reproduction of individuals.

Answer 3

Natural selection

Question 4

What is genetic drift?

Answer 4

Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies in a population, often having a more significant effect in small populations.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a factor of natural selection? (A) Variation, (B) Inheritance, (C) Random mating, (D) Different survival rates

Answer 5

C) Random mating

Question 6

What role does mutation play in evolution?

Answer 6

Mutation introduces new genetic variations, which can be acted upon by natural selection.

Question 7

True or False: Genetic drift can lead to the fixation or loss of alleles in a population.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the difference between natural selection and genetic drift?

Answer 8

Natural selection is a non-random process based on favorable traits, while genetic drift is a random process affecting allele frequencies.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The __________ effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when a small group establishes a new population.

Answer 9

founder

Question 10

What does ‘survival of the fittest’ mean in the context of natural selection?

Answer 10

‘Survival of the fittest’ means that individuals best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 11

True or False: Natural selection can lead to speciation.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Short answer: What is the role of the environment in natural selection?

Answer 12

The environment determines which traits are favorable for survival and reproduction.

Question 13

Which of the following is a consequence of genetic drift? (A) Increased genetic diversity, (B) Reduced genetic diversity, (C) Stabilization of traits, (D) None of the above

Answer 13

B) Reduced genetic diversity

Question 14

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which populations become better suited to their environment over generations.

Answer 14

Adaptation