human development

Question 1

zygote

Answer 1

united egg with sperm (fertilisation)

Question 2

embryo

Answer 2

after two weeks the zygote transofrm into an embryo, extremly fragile at this stage

Question 3

foetus

Answer 3

after two moths, organs and a heart beat are formed

Question 4

myelination (pregnancy)

Answer 4

in the first trimester the spinal cord develops, in the second the neurons develop, during this nerve fibers are wrapped witha fatty coating that increase the speed of signals

Question 5

teratogens

Answer 5

are substances that damage the embryo and are visible after birth

Question 6

foetal alcohol syndrom (FAS)

Answer 6

condition where the child brain is massivley impaired at birth

Question 7

grasping reflex

Answer 7

babies hand closes when something touches the palm

Question 8

rooting reflex

Answer 8

babies tunr their head towards an object and suck when a nipple or something similar appears

Question 9

sucking reflex

Answer 9

babie immediatly starts sucking when something is in their mouth

Question 10

babies lack visual acuity

Answer 10

the ability to distinguish differences in patterns, colours and shapes

Question 11

attachment

Answer 11

strong emmotional connection that stays despite circumstances and the passage of time

Question 12

attachment style

Answer 12

8-12 months can distinguish between their attachment figure and a stranger, which can cause seperation anxiety, tested

Question 13

secure attachment (stranger situation test)

Answer 13

65% babies play happily when caregiver and stranger are in the room , but cries when care giver leaves

Question 14

insecure attachment (stranger situation test)

Answer 14

35% children have other approaches, such as insecure avoidance; child doesnt get upset or prefers to play with stranger, or insecure ambivalnce; child gets upset and doesnt calm down when care giver returns

Question 15

which hormone relates to social behaviour such as attachment

Answer 15

oxytocin, breastfeeding leads to the release of this hormone, which stimulates milk production

Question 16

piagets stages of cognitive development

Answer 16

sensorimotor phase, pre-operiational phase, concrete-operational phase, formal-operational phase

Question 17

piagets theory

Answer 17

his theory is refuted, he underestimated childrens cognitive abilities

Question 18

moral development (kohlberg)

Answer 18

morality is divided intro moral reasoning (cognitive process) and moral emotions(motivation to do good things and avoid bad things)

Question 19

(Kohlbergs dilema) preconventional level

Answer 19

morality in determined by pleasurable outcomes and self interest

Question 20

(kohlbergs dilema) concentional level

Answer 20

morality is determined by social rules and rules of law

Question 21

(kohlbergs dilema) post convetional level

Answer 21

reaction depends on complex reasoning about abstract principles, the value of all life matters