Excretory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Compare the removal of nitrogenous waste in mammals and birds

A

Birds- produce urine and faeces combined, remove ammonia as uric acid, uric acid reduces water loss
Mammals- produce urine and faeces separately, remove ammonia as urea, urea is soluble in water

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2
Q

Hormone involved in osmoregulation (Reabsorption or waste)

A

ADH

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3
Q

Two roles of loop of henle

A

Selective Reabsorption conducts urine, prevents dehydration

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4
Q

Two functions of the excretory system

A

Filtering blood, regulating body fluids, removes nitrogenous waste products

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5
Q

3 layers of the kidney

A

Renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pelvis

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6
Q

Process that occur in the nephron

A

Ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, urine formation

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7
Q

Ultrafiltration

A

Occurs in the bowman’s capsule, removes waste from blood

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8
Q

Selective Reabsorption

A

Occurs in the loop of henle, decides to reabsorb or excrete water/salt

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9
Q

Descending limb

A

Permeable to water, water leaves nephron via osmosis, as much water as the body needs is reabsorbed

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10
Q

Ascending limb

A

Permeable to ions (sodium and chlorine) the concentration of salt decreases (if too much salt) or is reabsorbed if not enough

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11
Q

What happens in the distal convoluted tubule

A

Final reabsorption of ions, occurs ADH, urine formation

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12
Q

Name the gland the produces ADH

A

Pituitary gland

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13
Q

Effect of dehydration in the kidney

A

Water content in blood drops, gland releases more ADH into the blood stream, less water lost in urine, more water absorbed via osmosis, ADH increases the permeability of the collecting duct

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14
Q

Role of the nephron

A

regulates the concentration of water and soluble substances, by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine.

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15
Q

Discuss the role of loop of henle in a camel

A

Recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine, reduces the amount of water needed for survival, u shaped portion of the tubule that conducts urine, allows the production of urine that or more concentrated than blood

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16
Q

Three processes that occur in the nephron

A

Ultrafiltration
Selective reabsorption
Urine formation