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Italian Wine Scholar: Northern Italy > Trentino > Flashcards

Trentino Flashcards

1
Q

The administrative region of Trentino-Alto Adige takes its name from which two autonomous and historic provinces of which it is composed?

A

1) Trento (Trentino)
2) Bolzano (Alto Adige in Italian or Sudtirol in German)

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2
Q

Trentino-Alto Adige were once under the rule of what power?

A

Both provinces were under Austrian rule at one point and incorporated into the Austrian territory of South Tyrol (Sudtirol).

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3
Q

When were Trentino-Alto Adige made a part of the Kingdom of Italy?

A

After the end of WWI (1919).

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4
Q

How do the people of Alto Adige identify?

A

They consider themselves Tyrolean, not Italian or Austrian. (Much like the people of Alsace feel Alsatian, not French or German).

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5
Q

What is the principal language spoken in Alto Adige?

A

German

Alto Adige has more in common with Austria than Italy.

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6
Q

Why are Alto Adige and Trentino administratively linked?

A

After WWII, the Italian Government combined the two as one region in an attempt to curtail Alto Adige’s independent spirit and reduce separatist tensions.
It was hoped that the two provices would integrate once linked, but that never happened.
Trentino continues to identify itself with Italy, despite is wine commerce with German markets.
Alto Adige continues to be insular in mindset.

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7
Q

What has been a strong influence on the wine industry of Trentino?

A

The Austrian Empire; which ruled this part of Italy during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Due to this, Trentino has been, and is, a reliable source of wine for the north-central European markets.

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8
Q

How much of Trentino’s wine production qualifies as DOC?

A

More than 80%; one of the highest percentages in all of Italy.

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9
Q

What is the Instituto Agrario di San Michele all’Adige (Foundazione Edmund Mach)?

A

It is an agricultural school and research center in the former Augustinian monastery of San Michele all’Adige in northern Trentino that was created by Edmund Mach in 1874. The aim was to increase agricultural production through experimentation and education of growers and producers.
The property consists of a wine cellar, a distillery and about 120 hectares of land planted to vines and apple trees.

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10
Q

Where is Trentino located?

A

In northeast Italy, topographically falling within the southern part of the Italian Alps. Alto Adige lies to the north. Lombardy lies to the west and southwest; Veneto lies to the east and southeast.

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11
Q

What are the topographical features of Trentino?

A

Trentino is mountainous; 70% of it lies above 3,300ft/1000m in elevation.
The Adige River runs down the center from north to south, forming the wide Valdadige (Adige Valley). It expands 40 miles/65km and is flanked on both sides by the Alps.
The Dolomites (Dolomiti) are to the northeast of both Trentino and Alto Adige.

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12
Q

Name the rivers of Trentino.

A

1) Adige River
2) Sarca River
3) Avisio River
4) Brenta River

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13
Q

Where is the Sarca River located?

A

The Sarca runs south in the western edge of Trentino and flows into Lake Garda, located southwest of Trentino.

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14
Q

Where is the Avisio River located?

A

The Avisio flows southwest through Trentino from the alps in the northeast to join with the Adige just north of Trento.

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15
Q

Where is the Brenta River located?

A

The Brenta flows east across Trentino and Veneto, eventually spilling into the Adriatic Sea.

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16
Q

What influence do the Dolomites have on the climate in Trentino?

A

The Dolomites protect Trentino and Alto Adige from the cold winds coming from the northeast.

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17
Q

What altitude are vineyards in Trentino planted at?

A

On the valley floor: 600-1,000ft/200-300m.

On the higher slopes: 2,600-3,300ft/800-1,000m

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18
Q

How much area does Trentino have under vine?

A

24,000ac/10,000ha

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19
Q

Name the 4 main winegrowing areas in Trentino.

A

1) Valdadige (Adige Valley)
2) Val di Cembra (Cembra Valley)
3) Valle dei Laghi (Valley of the Lakes)
4) Valsugana (Sugana Valley)

The 4 regions correspond to the region’s 4 principal valleys.

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20
Q

Which is the main valley in Trentino in terms of size and production?

A

Valdadige (Adige Valley)

The majority of Trentino’s vineyards lie along the wide relatively fertile, alluvial floor of the Adige River Valley and its slopes.

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21
Q

Name the major winegrowing districts in Valdadige.

A

1) Campo Rotaliano or Piana Rotaliana (Rotaliano Plain)
-In the northern part
2) Vallagrina (Lagarina Valley)
-lies south of Trento & extends to the Veneto border

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22
Q

Which tributary valley in Trentino boasts steeply terraced vineyards on purple porphyritic rocks?

A

Val di Cembra (Cembra Valley)

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23
Q

Which valley in Trentino banks the Sarca River as it flows to Lake Garda with several small lakes situated along it?

A

Valle dei Laghi (Valley of the Lakes)

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24
Q

Which valley in Trentino is formed by the Brenta River and has vineyards planted on slopes?

A

Valsugana (Sugana Valley)

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25
Q

What is the climate in Trentino?

A

Combination of alpine and continental influences.

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26
Q

What topographical features influence the climate in Trentino?

A

-Mountain ranges collectively/individually act as barriers to the cold northerly winds.
-Altitude tempers the heat of summer
-Cold air masses descend from mountain peaks each evening, blanketing the vineyards and creating wide diurnal temperature swings
-Lake Garda to the south, moderates during both summer and winter

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27
Q

How does altitude in Trentino influence grape growing?

A

It tempers the heat of summer, allowing for the successful cultivation of aromatic grape varieties.

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28
Q

How do grapes benefit from wide diurnal temperature swings in Trentino?

A

They effectively preserve the grape’s natural acidity.

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29
Q

How is it that Trentino is able to grow a wide selection of grape varieties?

A

There are a wide range of meso-climates due to variations in altitude, exposure and distance from (and positioning to) Lake Garda.

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30
Q

What are the 3 climatic zones in Trentino?

A

1) Lake Garda and Environs
2) Central Valdadige
3) Tributary/Transversal Valleys

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31
Q

Where is Lake Garda and Environs located and what is the climate?

A

This is the southern part of Trentino, closest to Lake Garda.
The climate is almost Mediterranean here.

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32
Q

What moderates the climate in Lake Garda and Environs?

A

Lake Garda; the influence is so strong that the effects extend north along the Valle dei Laghi, allowing for the cultivation of olives and lemons.

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33
Q

What is the climate of the Central Valdadige in Trentino?

A

Semi-continental

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34
Q

What influences the climate in Central Valdadige?

A

The tempering influence of Lake Garda influences the southern portion of Valdadige (the Vallagarina), but it diminishes towards Trento and the other major wine towns of Mezzocorona, Mezzolombardo and San Michele all’Adige.

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35
Q

Which valleys are included in the Tributary/Transversal Valleys climatic zone?

A

The valleys of Valsugana and Val di Cembra.

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36
Q

What is the climate in the Tributary/Transversal Valleys?

A

Alpine climate
The average temperature is lower than the rest of the winegrowing areas in Trentino. Vineyards tend to be planted only on the better exposed slopes.

Their positioning blocks most of the temperature-moderating effects of Lake Garda.

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37
Q

How much rainfall does Trentino usually get?

A

Rainfall tends to be higher in the southern areas, mostly concentrated during spring/autumn months.
Annual average of 40in/1000mm.
Higher altitude sites tend to receive more rainfall than the valley floors.

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38
Q

How does rainfall adversely affect growers in Trentino?

A

Rainfall around the end of September or early October may force growers to pick before optimal maturity.
This makes the cultivation of red varieties more problematic.

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39
Q

Describe Trentino through the seasons.

A

Springs: warm on the valley floor, cooler at higher altitudes and within the more isolated valleys; spring frosts are a recurrent issue.
Summers: warm, particularly on the valley floors where temperatures easily reach 85-90F/30-32C
Autumns: mild on the valley floors, cooler at higher altitudes and within the more isolated valleys.
Winters: cold and snowy; milder near Lake Garda

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40
Q

What is the Ora del Garda?

A

It is a breeze that blows northward across Lake Garda and into the Valle dei Laghi.
It has a cooling effect and, b/c it blows everyday during daylight hours, it reduced the overall humidity inland.

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41
Q

How does Vin Santo production benefit from the Ora del Garda?

A

If it were not for the Ora, the Nosiola grapes left to air-dry for Vin Santo production would just rot.

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42
Q

What are the soil types in Trentino?

A

Largely composed of dolomite, limestone, granite and volcanic porphyritic rocks.
These materials comprise the gravels, sands and clays of the valley floors and were formed as a result of glacial action, erosion and river deposits.
The slopes are of similar make-up but are shallower and less water-retentive.

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43
Q

What materials is dolomite composed of?

A

It is comprised of dolomite and calcite.
Dolomite or dolostone (CaMg(CO3)2) is a mineral containing calcium and magnesium. It contains about 11% magnesium and 21% calcium.

Compared to limestone, which is composed of calcite, contains about 40% calcium and 0.2% magnesium.

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44
Q

Historically, which grape varieties were largely produced in Trentino?

A

Trentino largely produced red wines:
-Schiava
-Teroldego
-Marzemino
-Enantio

These wines were consumed locally and exported to the central European, German-speaking countries of Austria, Germany and Switzerland.

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45
Q

When did Trentino flip their wine production?

A

In the 1980s, Trentino began making varietal Chardonnay and Pinot Grigio in response to market demand. The success of these wines resulted in a complete flip in production.

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46
Q

How much of Trentino’s total plantings are white grape varieties?

A

Almost 70%.

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47
Q

Name the prominent white grape varieties grown in Trentino.

A

1) Chardonnay
2) Pinot Grigio
3) Muller Thurgau
4) Gewurztraminer
5) Sauvignon Blanc
6) Pinot Bianco
7) Nosiola

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48
Q

Which varietals typical in Alto Adige may be planted close to the border in Trentino?

A

1) Schiava
2) Lagrein
3) Riesling
4) Kerner
5) Sylvaner

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49
Q

Name the Native and Traditional white varietals found in Trentino.

A

1) Nosiola
2) Moscato Giallo

Others:
3) Manzoni Bianco

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50
Q

Where is the Nosiola grape native to?

A

Trentino
It dates back at least to the 15th century.

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51
Q

Where in Trentino is the Nosiola variety mostly found today?

A

In the Valle dei Laghi where it is made into the prestigeous and long-lived dessert wine Vin Santo.

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52
Q

What styles of wine are produced from Nosiola?

A

-Vin Santo
-dry white

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53
Q

What are the characteristics of dry white wine made from Nosiola?

A

Light-bodied with attractive lemon and unripe/green hazelnut notes.

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54
Q

Which variety is Moscato Giallo often confused with?

A

Moscato Bianco (Moscato Blanc a Petits Grains); it possesses similar orange blossom and grapey aromas.
However, Moscato Giallo (Yellow Muscat) has a more flowery and spicy profile - w/o the overt grapiness typical of Moscato Bianco.

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55
Q

Where in Trentino does Moscato Giallo thrive?

A

Around Besenello.

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56
Q

What styles of wine are produced from Moscato Giallo?

A

-dry
-dessert

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57
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Moscato Giallo?

A

Typical aromas of honey, tropical fruit and sweet spice.

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58
Q

Name the Native and Traditional red varieties of Trentino.

A

1) Teroldego
2) Marzemino
3) Schiava
4) Enantio
5) Lagrein
6) Moscato Rosa

Others:
7) Rebo
8) Casetta

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59
Q

Which red variety is the most important in Trentino and considered the “Prince of Trentino”?

A

Teroldego

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60
Q

When did Trentino’s Teroldego variety become popular?

A

Although first mentioned in the 14th century, it only became popular as of the 18th century, and mainly in Austria.

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61
Q

What grape variety is Teroldego related to?

A

DNA profiling has shown that Teroldego is related to Dureza (a parent of Syrah).

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62
Q

Which region in Trentino is Teroldego native to?

A

The Campo Rotaliano (Rotaliano Plain) in the northern tip of Trentino’s Valdadige.

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63
Q

What are the characterisitcs of wines produced from Teroldego?

A

Deep in colour, refreshing and intensely fruity.
If yields are kept under control, the grape has the potential to make distinctive, age-worthy wines with dense texture, smooth tannins and aromas of ripe berry fruit, tar and herbs.
Teroldego handles oak well.

64
Q

Which area in Trentino is Marzemino native to?

A

The Vallagarina Valley; and is extremely popular locally.
It has been documented since the 14th century.

65
Q

What is characteristic of the Marzemino variety?

A

It is late-ripening.

66
Q

What are the characteristics of wines produced from Marzemino?

A

Fresh, light- to medium-bodied, soft wines with aromas of violet, sour cherry, plum, almond and herbs.
It usually has a slightly bitter finish.

67
Q

Where are the best Marzeminos produced?

A

Around Ziresi and Isera.

68
Q

Marzemino is mentioned in which opera?

A

Mozart’s Don Giovanni.
“Versa il vino! Eccellente Marzemino!” (Pour the wine! Excellent Marzemino!)

69
Q

Until the 1970s, Schiava accounted for what percentage of Trentino’s total vine plantings?

A

70%
It was an important grape for local consumption and for the north-central European export markets.

70
Q

How popular is Schiava today?

A

Schiava’s popularity is waning and plantings are decreasing.
Although, there are still more than 700ac/300ha in the ground.

71
Q

Which area in Trentino is the Enantio variety native to?

A

Vallagarina

Current plantings are mostly centered here as well.

72
Q

What was the Enantio variety previously called?

A

Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata; although there is no genetic relationship with the Lambrusco grape family.

73
Q

How widely planted is Enantio in Trentino?

A

It used to be widely planted but fell out of favour after phylloxera struck. In recent years the grape has been revived, althouth it accounts for a small proportion of plantings.

74
Q

What are the characteristics of wines produced from Enantio?

A

Juicy, showing bright acidity, with aromas of red berries and herbs.

75
Q

Where is Lagrein native to?

A

Alto Adige

76
Q

Where in Trentino is Lagrein mostly planted?

A

In the norther part, along the Alto Adige border.

77
Q

Where does Lagrein perform well?

A

In the gravelly soil of Camp Rotaliano.

78
Q

What is another name for Moscato Rosa?

A

Moscato delle Rose; it belongs to the Muscat grape family.

79
Q

Where does Moscato Rosa get its name?

A

From its intense and attractive aroma of fresh roses.

80
Q

What style of wine is produced from Moscato Rosa?

A

A prized and unique dessert wine.

81
Q

Name the International white varieties grown in Trentino.

A

1) Chardonnay
2) Pinot Grigio
3) Muller Thurgau
4) Traminer Aromatico (Gewurztraminer)
5) Pinot Bianco

Others:
6) Sauvignon Blanc
7) Riesling
8) Kerner
9) Sylvaner

82
Q

What is the most widely planted varietal in Trentino?

A

Chardonnay

Trentino boasts one of the highest percentages of Chardonnay in Italy.
It was introduced at the end of the 19th century.

83
Q

What styles of wine are produced from Chardonnay in Trentino?

A

-Traditional Method Sparkling
-still wines
(fresh and fruity)
(complex, oaked versions)

84
Q

Muller Thurgau is a cross between which two grape varieties?

A

Riesling and Madeleine Royale

85
Q

What is the reputation of Muller Thurgau?

A

It produces simple, often dull wines.

86
Q

What are the characteristics of wines produced from Muller Thurgau in Trentino?

A

Exciting wines with an unusual aromatic profile of flowers and herbs.
Trentino manages to bring out the best in this variety.

87
Q

Where in Trentino is excellent Muller Thurgau wine produced?

A

The high-altitude, terraced slopes of Val di Cembra (around the town of Faedo).

88
Q

Where in Trentino is Gewurztraminer planted?

A

On the best hillside sites. It is an increasingly successful variety in Trentino.

89
Q

What styles of wine are produced from Pinot Bianco in Trentino?

A

-still wine
-sparkling wines (lesser extent)

It can deliver high quality, long-lived bottlings in the hands of a conscientious producer.
Introduced in the 19th century.

90
Q

Name the International red varieties grown in Trentino.

A

1) Merlot
2) Cabernet Sauvignon

Others:
3) Cabernet Franc
4) Pinot Nero
5) Pinot Meunier

91
Q

What styles of wine are produced from Merlot in Trentino?

A

Typically produced as a single varietal in a fruity, soft style with a slightly herbaceous note.

92
Q

What styles of wine are produced from Cabernet Sauvignon in Trentino?

A

-single varietal wines
-blends with Cabernet Franc (labeled Cabernet)
-fruit-forward, easy drinking style
-premium Bordeaux style blends

93
Q

What is Tenuta San Leonardo?

A

An important producer in Trentino responsible for pioneering premium Bordeaux-styled blends since the early 1980s.

94
Q

Rank the grape varieties in Trention from most widely planted to least.

A

1) Chardonnay (28%)
2) Pinot Grigio (27%)
3) Muller Thurgau (9%)
4) Teroldego (6%)
5) Merlot (6%)
6) Traminer Aromatico (4%)
7) Marzemino (3%)
8) Schiava (3%)
Others (14%)

95
Q

Where are the majority of Trentino’s vineyards planted?

A

More than 80% of Trentino’s vineyards are on the flat valley floor and the slopes of the Valdadige.
The remaining 20% are in the other smaller valleys.

96
Q

What is the dominant training system in Trentino?

A

The traditional, local Pergola Trentina.
It is an over-head training system whereby the canopy spreads out upon an inclined wire framework reinforced by one or two support arms.

97
Q

What are the benefits and downfalls of the Pergola Trentina vine-training system?

A

Pros:
-maximum sunshine
-ensures good ventilation
-reduces risk of rot and disease
-very productive

Cons:
-expensive to construct with regard to:
-material
-labour
-maintenance
-vigorous vines run the risk of shading, delaying ripening or reducing sugar levels.
-corrective measures include leaf stripping and green
harvesting

98
Q

Other than the Pergola Trentina, what vine-training systems are becoming more common?

A

The vertical training systems such as Guyot and Cordon training methods, since the 1990s.

99
Q

What spirit is Trentino traditionally renowned for producing?

A

Grappa, a spirit obtained through the distillation of vinacce, all of which must hail from Trentino.
Grappa has been produced here for centuries and is acclaimed for their smoothness, freshness and fragrance combined with soft and delicate notes of fruit.

100
Q

How many DOCs are there in Trentino?

A

8 DOCs (as of 2017)

101
Q

Name the appellations of Trentino.

A

Major DOCs:
1) Trentino DOC
2) Valdadige DOC
3) Teroldego Rotaliano DOC
4) Trento DOC
5) Delle Venezie DOC

Minor DOCs:
6) Casteller DOC
7) Lago di Caldaro or Caldaro DOC
8) Valdadige Terradeiforti or Terradeiforti DOC

102
Q

Which DOC in Trentino is the most important appellation in terms of volume and the number of different styles of wine produced?

A

Trentino DOC

103
Q

What area does the Trentino DOC cover?

A

This regional appellation covers the entire winegrowing area of Trentino.

104
Q

What styles of wine are produced under Trentino DOC?

A

-rosso
-bianco
-rosato
-varietal
-sweet
Made from almost any variety grown within the borders of Trentino.
The great majority are produced from single varietals

105
Q

Which 2 varieties represent more than half of the total production of Trentino DOC?

A

1) Chardonnay
-fresh & fruity style
-complex, oaked version
2) Pinot Grigio
-crisp & subtly aromatic style

106
Q

What are the important varietal wines produced under Trentino DOC, other than Chardonnay and Pinot Grigio?

A

1) Muller Thurgau
2) Marzemino
3) Riesling
4) Merlot
5) Cabernet Sauvignon
6) Nosiola
7) Moscato Giallo
8) Traminer Aromatico (Gewurztraminer)
9) Moscato Rosa

107
Q

What is Moscato Rosa?

A

A rare but extremely distinctive and rich dessert wine produced under Trentino DOC.

108
Q

What are the requirements for superiore status under Trentino DOC?

A

The disciplinare establishes:
-specific vineyard positions
-specific altitude
-stricter criteria with regard to:
-planting density
-maximum yield
-alcohol levels
-min. aging requirements for each grape variety

109
Q

What are the aging requirements for riserva wines from Trentino DOC?

A

White wines:
-min. 1 year aging

Red wines:
-min. 2 years aging

110
Q

Name the sub-zones of the Trentino DOC.

A

1) Vino Santo
2) Vino Santo Superiore
3) Marzemino
4) Isera
5) Ziresi
6) Castel Beseno*
7) Sorni
8) Valle di Cembra*

These are based on grape variety and winegrowing area.

*Errata: These 2 sub-zones can only be produced under the designation Trentino Superiore (June 2021).

111
Q

What area in Trentino does the Vin Santo sub-zone cover?

A

The Valle dei Laghi

112
Q

What style of wine is Trentino’s Vin Santo?

A

One of the most prestigious and opulent dessert wines produced in Italy.

Not to be confused with Toscana’s Vin Santo.

113
Q

How is Trentino’s Vin Santo produced?

A

Nosiola grapes are air-dried on graticci (lattice) in high, well-ventilated rooms that allow for the Ora breeze to pass through during the appassimento or drying process, which can last up to 5-6 months during which the grapes are affected by noble rot.
Vinification can take up to 2-3 years before reaching an alcohol level of 12-13% abv.
The wine is then aged for min. 3 years, often in small oak barrels. However, most producers age it for at least 7-10 years.

114
Q

Where does Vin Santo get its name?

A

The name Vino Santo (Holy Wine) is believed to have originated as a result of the time-honoured tradition of pressing the dried grapes during Holy Week.

115
Q

What are the requirements for Vino Santo Superiore?

A

-more restricted area within the Trentino Vin Santo sub-zone
-more stringent production requirements
-longer min. drying time
-higher min. potential alcohol
-min. 4 years aging

116
Q

Under the Trentino DOC, where can Marzemino be produced?

A

Marzemino can only be produced in the southern part of the Adige Valley corresponding to the Vallagarina area.

117
Q

What/where are the specific sub-zones for Trentino Superiore Marzemino?

A

1) Isera; The area around the town of Isera, a town historically known for the production of a more complex and refined Marzemino.
2) Ziresi; The area around the towns of Volano and Calliano. This historic area produces one of the richest and fullest-bodied Marzeminos in all of Trentino.

118
Q

Which of the Trentino DOC sub-zones is solely dedicated to the production of Moscato Giallo?

A

Castel Beseno

*Superiore only

119
Q

What styles of wine does Castel Beseno produce?

A

-dry
-late-harvest
-passito

All using Moscato Giallo.

120
Q

Where is the Sorni sub-zone of Trentino DOC?

A

It corresponds to a small historic area north of Trento around the Sorni hamlet.

121
Q

What styles of wine are produced in the Sorni sub-zone of Trentino DOC?

A

Rossos from a blend of:
-Teroldego
-Schiava
-Lagrein

Biancos from a blend of:
-Nosiola
-Muller Thurgau
-Pinot Bianco
-Chardonnay
-among others

122
Q

What is the newest sub-zone of Trentino DOC?

A

Valle di Cembra; added in 2016.

123
Q

Where is the Valle di Cembra sub-zone of Trentino DOC?

A

It encompasses the Cembra Valley (an eastern tributary of Valdadige) and its steeply terraced vineyards planted on purple porphyritic rocks. Some terraces are at 2,800ft/850m in elevation.

124
Q

What style of wine is produced in Valle di Cembra?

A

Varietal wines from:
-Muller Thurgau (considered to produce the most distinctive wines)
-Riesling
-Schiava
-Schiava Gentile
-Pinot Nero

125
Q

What areas does the Valdadige DOC cover?

A

This large, inter-regional DOC is shared between Trentino-Alto Adige and Veneto within the provinces of Bolzano, Trento and Verona.

It is considered the basic appellation of the region and Trentino’s share represents the majority of the wines sold under this DOC.

126
Q

What styles of wine are produced under the Valdadige DOC?

A

Single varietals made from:
-Chardonnay
-Pinot Grigio
-Shiava

To a lesser extent, blends:
-bianco
-rosso

The wines are uncomplicated, refreshing and fruity.

127
Q

Where is Teroldego Rotaliano DOC located?

A

The Campo Rotaliano (Rotaliano Plain) is a large, gravelly, sandy plain well protected by mountain ranges.
It lies just north of Trento between the towns of Mezzocorona, Mezzolombardo and San Michele all’Adige.

128
Q

What are the characteristics of wines from Teroldego Rotaliano DOC?

A

Dark, fruity and savory wines with complex aromas of ripe berry fruit, flowers, tar and spice. They are full-bodied and robust with round tannins.
The best examples benefit from bottle aging, developing an even more complex flavour profile with time.

129
Q

Who is Elisabetta Foradori and what is her importance?

A

She transformed Teroldego wines from simple quaffable wine meant for early consumption into the best red wine Trentino has to offer by introducing:
-massal selection
-lower yields
-Guyot training system

Teroldego is now one of the most distinctive red wines found in northern Italy.

130
Q

What are the requirements of Teroldego Rotaliano DOC?

A

-100% Teroldego

Superiore riserva*:
-aged min. 2 years

*Errata: Teroldego Rotaliano DOC can also be produced as superiore or superiore riserva (the riserva version can only be produced as superiore riserva)

131
Q

Who is Giulio Ferrari and what is his contribution to Trentino wine production?

A

He was an oenologist at the Agrarian Institue of San Michele all’Adige who realized the potential of Trentino to grow Chardonnay for the production of high-quality bottle-fermented sparkling wines. He founded the sparkling house Ferrari and transformed Trentino into a major Italian sparkling wine center.

132
Q

Which appellation was created to represent all of the traditional method sparkling wines produced in Trentino?

A

Trento DOC; it was the first Italian DOC dedicated exclusively to traditional method sparkling wine.

Trentino’s “mountain bubbles” are considered to be among the finest traditional method sparkling wines in Italy.

133
Q

What areas of Trentino are covered by Trento DOC?

A

The winegrowing area corresponds approx. to that of the Trentino DOC. Vineyards are planted on slopes up to 2,600ft/800m in altitude.

134
Q

What varietals are used to make Trento DOC wines?

A

Predominantly:
-Chardonnay (usually dominant)
-Pinot Nero

Can be supplemented with:
-Pinot Bianco and/or
-Meunier

135
Q

How is riddling carried out for Trento DOC wines?

A

Manual or mechanical means.

136
Q

What are the requirements for Trento DOC wines?

A

Non-vintage:
-min. 15 months on lees

Vintage (millesimato):
-min. 24 months on lees

Riserva vintage:
-min. 36 months on lees

137
Q

What other styles can Trento DOC be produced in?

A

-Rosato
-Rosato riserva

138
Q

What is Maso ?

A

In both Trentino and Alto Adige, “maso” is the typical rural homestead. The word is also used to indicate estate wineries.

139
Q

What areas does the Delle Venezie DOC cover?

A

This inter-regional DOC covers Trentino, Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia

140
Q

What wine is the focus of Delle Venezie DOC production?

A

Varietal Pinot Grigio; labeled as Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC.

141
Q

What areas does the Casteller DOC cover in Trentino?

A

It covers a large area corresponding to the Trentino DOC, although incorporating fewer villages.

142
Q

What style of wine does Casteller DOC produce?

A

Red only:
-min. 50% Merlot
-balance composed of:
-Schiava and/or (usually the main blending component)
-Enantio and/or
-Teroldego and/or
-Lagrein

143
Q

What area does the Lago di Caldaro DOC cover?

A

This shared appellation lies mostly within Alto-Adige with small coverage in northern Trentino near the Adige River.

144
Q

What type of wine is produced under Lago di Caldaro DOC?

A

Red wine from the Schiava variety.

145
Q

What areas does the Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC cover?

A

This inter-regional DOC shared with Veneto incorporates the southwestern corner of Trentino. However, most of the DOC area lies within Veneto.

146
Q

What style of wines are produced under Lago di Caldaro DOC?

A

Single varietals:
-Enantio
-Casetta
-Pinot Grigio

147
Q

What areas does the Vigneti delle Dolomiti IGT cover?

A

This inter-regional appellation includes the regions of Trentino, Alto Adige and the Belluno province in Veneto.

148
Q

What is Trentino’s most important IGT in terms of volume and quality?

A

Vigneti delle Dolomiti IGT

149
Q

What styles of wine are produced under Vigneti delle Dolomiti IGT?

A

-high quality Bordeaux blends
-high quality varietal wines made from:
-Cabernet Sauvignon
-Nosiola
-Manzoni Bianco
-Chardonnay
-Muller Thurgau

150
Q

How much of Trentino’s wine industry is made up of cooperatives?

A

They account for three-quarters of Trentino’s total production.
Trentino independently created some of Italy’s first cooperatives in the early 1900s as a means to better serve their local and northern export markets.

151
Q

What does Trentino’s wine industry boast?

A

-the most modern equipment
-follow the most effective quality-conscious practices
-producing sound wines with a forward, fruity style

152
Q

What is the status of small estates in Trentino?

A

Since the end of the 20th century many growers have been bottling their own wines instead of selling to cooperatives. Thus, there has been a steady increase in small estates producing fine wines from a wide variety of Trentino’s best sites.

153
Q

What are Vignaioli del Trentino and I Dolomitici?

A

Associations created by independent estates with the aim of promoting their wines and elevating quality even further.

154
Q

How has the steady rise in small estates influenced cooperatives in Trentino?

A

Cooperatives are now expending significant effort to produce similarly distinctive and complex wines including from single vineyards.

155
Q

What is the Consorzio di Tutela Vini del Trentino?

A

They represent over 90% of the producers and growers of Trentino, protecting and promoting the appellations of the region and working closely with growers, producers, cooperatives and bottlers, ensuring that every facet of the industry moves forward together.

Italian Wine Scholar: Northern Italy (21 decks)

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