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EAS 221 > Data Collection > Flashcards

Data Collection Flashcards

1
Q

What are the stages in data collection projects?

A

Planning, preparation, collection, post processing, and evaluation.

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2
Q

What is known as primary data collection?

A

Data collected from direct measurement.

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3
Q

What is known as secondary data collection?

A

Data collected by using existing data

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4
Q

What is the primary data collection technique for raster data?

A

Digital Remote Sensing

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5
Q

What are the secondary data collection techniques for raster data?

A

Scanned maps/airphotos and Digital Elevation Models.

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6
Q

What are the primary data collecting techniques for vector data?

A

GPS and survey measurements

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7
Q

What are the secondary data collection techniques for vector data?

A

Topographic surveys and place locations (lat,Lon) from gazeteers.

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of surveying?

A

Locations are determined by angle and distance measurements, common for cadastral maps, construction/engineering.

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of GPS?

A

Uses satellite geometry to determine position of a point on earth’s surface.

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10
Q

How is secondary data captured?

A

Through a collection of raster and vector data from maps, photographs, plans, etc.

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11
Q

What does Spector secondary data capture involve?

A

Digitizing

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12
Q

What are the three types of digitizing?

A

Raster-to-vector conversion, manual, and “heads up”

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13
Q

What are the properties of raster-to-vector?

A

Consistent, semi-automated, but requires substantial user intervention in some cases

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of “heads-up” digitizing?

A

Directly on computer screen, source data scanned maps/documents or remote sensing, user must georefrence the base data.

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15
Q

What is known as rectification?

A

The rearrangement of locations to correspond to a specific (geographic) reference system.

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16
Q

What is known as registration?

A

The rearrangement of locations in one dataset to correspond with the same locations in a reference data set.

17
Q

What are the steps in the process of differential transformation (“rubber-sheeting”)?

A
  1. Define a set of ground control points 2. Fit a mathematical model to describe the relationship between the source and reference component of the GCPs as location
18
Q

What are the steps in the process of non-linear transformation (“rubber sheeting”)?

A
  1. Define a set of gcps. 2. Fit a function (model) to transform the base data into some coordinate system.
19
Q

What makes a good GCP?

A

Temporally consistent, easy to identify, and well distributed.

20
Q

What is the Route Mean Square Error?

A

The square root of the sum of the squared deviations between the source and reference components of GCP.

21
Q

What are the digitized features of interests?

A

Nodes and Vertices

22
Q

What is a node?

A

The start and endpoints of a line

23
Q

What is a vertice?

A

Points in between the nodes that define a shape.

24
Q

What are the human errors in digitizing?

A

Dangles, switchbacks, overshoots/undershoots, silver polygons.

25
Q

What is a spaghetti data model?

A

A collection of points that lack topology.

26
Q

What is known as topology?

A

The relations used to validate the geometry of points, lines, and polygons.

27
Q

What does topology focus on?

A

On qualitative information.

28
Q

What are the primary topological relations?

A

Connectivity, Orientation, Adjacency, and Containment

29
Q

What is the vector data structure?

A

Node/arc/polygon topology

30
Q

What is known as arc-node topology?

A

A table defining points in a line

31
Q

What is known as arc-poly topology?

A

A table defining arcs in a polygon.

EAS 221 (6 decks)

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