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pmls > Basic Practices > Flashcards

Basic Practices Flashcards

1
Q

A bright to dark fluid of variable composition curculating throughout the transport vessels of the body

A

blood

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2
Q

color of deoxygenated blood

A

dark red

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3
Q

color of oxygenated blood

A

bright red

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4
Q

causes the red coloring of blood and responsible for carrying oxygen

A

hemoglobin

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5
Q

blood volume

A

5-6L / 7-8% of body weight

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6
Q

composition of blood

A

55% liquid portion water
95% H20 5% solutes

45% formed elements

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7
Q

composition of 5% solutes

A

proteins, carbs, hormones, vitamins, enzymes, electrolytes, etc

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8
Q

RBC is also called

A

erythrocytes

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9
Q

WBC is also called

A

leukocytes

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10
Q

Platelets are also called

A

thrombocytes

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11
Q

Layers of blood when centrifuge

A

plasma
buffy coat
red blood cell

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12
Q

Liquid portion of uncoagulated blood

A

plasma

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13
Q

Liquid portion of coagulated blood

A

serum

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14
Q

color of serum and plasma

A

clear and pale yellow to slightly hazy

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15
Q

protein responsible for clotting

A

factor 1 or fibrinogen

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16
Q

mesh like compund found in serum responsible for clotting

A

fibrin

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17
Q

Function of blood

A

transport, communication, immunity, coagulation, temperature regulation, hydraulic functions

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18
Q

Blood tests

A

CBC, Chemistry, Blood gas

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19
Q

General Methods for Blood collection

A

venipuncture, arterial puncture, capillary puncture

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20
Q

collection of blood from arteries

A

arterial puncture

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21
Q

arterial blood collection us used on what kind of test

A

blood gas analysis and blood ph determination

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22
Q

sites for arterial bkood collection

A

radialartery, brachialartery, femoralartery, scalpartery, umbilicaltery

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23
Q

hardest kind of bleeding to control

A

arterial bleeding

24
Q

blood collected in venipuncture

A

venous blood

25
Q

used to prived barrier against venous blood flow

A

tourniquet

26
Q

dimensions of tourniquet

A

18-20 inches, 1 inch

27
Q

parts of evacuated tube system

A

evacuated tube, needle, adapter

28
Q

most common antiseptic

A

70% isopropyl alchohol

29
Q

most common non alcoholic antiseptic

A

benzalkonium chloride solution, zephiran chloride

30
Q

bethadine is used in cleaning the area for blood collection when collecting blood for what test

A

legal blood alcohol level or ethanol testing

31
Q

antiseptics used in a two step procedure with 20-60 second scrub for collecting blood for blood culture

A

70% isopropyl alcohol

1% to 10% povidone-iodine pads, tincture of iodine, chlorhexdine compunds or another isopropyl alcohol prep

32
Q

another antiseptic used in venipuncture

A

chlorhexidine gluconate / isopropyl alcohol or providone - 70% ethyl alcohol

33
Q

most common site for venipuncture

A

superficial veins of the antecubital fossa

34
Q

Two anatomical patterns of veins in the antecubital fossa

A

H and M pattern

35
Q

H pattern is found in what vein

A

median cubital vein

36
Q

median cubital vein connects what veins

A

basilic and cephalic veins

37
Q

it is the best site for venipuncture because it is the largest and the best anchored vein

A

Median Cubital Vein with H pattern

38
Q

cephalic vein is found where?

A

lateral aspect of the antecubital fossa

39
Q

basilic vein is found where?

A

medial aspect of the antecubital fossa

40
Q

what vein is found in the M pattern

A

median vein

41
Q

which veins are least prioritized for venipuncture, which is the last choice?

A

cephalic and basilic veins, basilic should be the last choice

42
Q

which artery is near the basicil vein that is why it should be the last choice for venipuncture

A

brachial artery

43
Q

which nerve is in risk of injury when we choose to extract blood from the basilic and cephalic veins

A

median nerve

44
Q

The destruction of red blood cells

A

hemolysis

45
Q

what to avoid when blood collection

A

hemolysis and lipemia

46
Q

general aspects that causes hemolysis

A

small needle, over and under filling of tubes, aggressive mixing

47
Q

color of serum or plasma in hemolyzed blood

A

pink or red

48
Q

average gauge size used for adults

A

19-22

49
Q

which analytes are present in blood and is released which gives false decrease results when blood is hemolyzed

A

potassium, creatine, kinase, alanine aminotransferase

50
Q

analytes affected by hemolysis based on color

A

hemoglobin, bilirubin, and protein

51
Q

what reacts with analytes causing a false decrease, this may occur when testing which compunds

A

red cell constituents

carbon dioxide, thyroxin, and insulin

52
Q

increase lipids in the blood

A

lipemia

53
Q

color of serum or plasma in lipemia

A

opaque white

54
Q

what happens to rbc when lipemia happens

A

becomes fragile

55
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar

pmls (11 decks)

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