Microbiology Flashcards
sectors of microbiology
bacteriology, mycobacteriology, mycology, virology
bacteriology focuses on bacteria with a cell wall
peptidoglycan
mycobacteriology focuses on bacteria with a cell wall
mycolic acid
study of fungi
mycology
study of virus
virology
specimens used in microbiology
blood and other body fluids, stool, tissues, and swabs
duties or test performed in microbiology
microscopic visualization of microorganism after staining
isolation and identification of bacteria
antigenic typing
ast
koh test (fungi)
presumptive tests
gram stain and acid fast stain
shapes of cocco and bacilli
circle and rectangular
Organisms that grow in the absence of free oxygen are termed
anaerobes
an organism able to live and reproduce only in the presence of free oxygen
aerobes
we use these to isolate and identify bacteria
culture media and biochemical tests
isolation of bacteria is also termed as
cultivation
ast
antimcrobial susceptibility testing
free of lide of every kind
sterile
process of complete removal or destruction of all forms of
microbial life which may be affected by physical or chemical means
sterilization
having the property of inhibiting bacterial growth or
multiplication
bacteriostatic
principle heat and pressure sterilization (autoclave)
121 degrees celcius
15 pounds pressure
15-40 minutes
having the property killing or destroying bacteria.
bacteriocidal
chemical or physical agent, usually broad spectrum, that
inactivates microorganisms
biocides
Chemical biocides
hydrogen peroxide, alcohols, bleach, cycloheximide and
phenols
Physcial biocides
Heat, Freezing and radiation
narrower range of antimicrobial activity.
anti infectives
process of killing or removing microorganisms on
inanimate surfaces thru the use of chemical agents.
disinfection
a chemical substance used to kill infection
producing microorganisms on surfaces but too toxic to be applied directly to
tissues.
disinfectant or germicide
a chemical substance which opposes sepsis or
putrefaction either by killing microorganisms or by preventing their growth;
applied topically to living tissues.
antiseptic
characterized by the presence of pathogenic microbes in
living tissue or associated fluids
septic
characterized by the absence of pathogenic microbes
aseptic
the temperature which in a given time destroys all the
bacteria present.
thermal death point
minimum time required to kill a suspension of organism at
a given temperature in a specified environment.
thermal death time
refers to the time in minutes to reduce the bacterial
population or spores by 90% at a specified temperature. It is widely used in food
industry.
death reduction time
the prevention of multiplication of microorganisms in
formulated products, including pharmaceuticals and foods.
preservation
naturally occurring and synthetically derived organic
compounds that inhibit or destroy selective bacteria, generally at low concentrations. Chemical produced by a microorganism that inhibits the growth oof
other microorganisms
antibiotics
an organism that does not usually cause a disease in a
person with an intact immune system BUT CAN CAUSE DISEASE WHEN THE
HOST’S IMMUNE SYSTEM HAS BEEN COMPROMISED BY DISEASE OR
ANOTHER CONDITION THAT HAS DAMAGED OR CHANGED THE IMMUNE
STATUS
opportunistic pathogens
infections that patients acquire during a course of
treatment in a healthcare facility.
hospital acquired infection/ nosocomial infection
