GIT Lec 4 Pt 6 - Use Cases

Question 1

What are the medications used in treatment of vertigo?

Answer 1

1. Cyclizine
2. Prochlorperazine is also used to relieve acute attacks
3. Betahistine (a histamine analogue) is used in hopes of increasing blood flow to the inner ear in Ménière’s disease
4. Cinnarizine can also be used

Question 2

What are the drugs used to control cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced vomiting?

Answer 2

1. Phenothiazines like chlorpromazine (non-selective D-receptor blocker)
2. Butyrophenones like droperidol and haloperidol (non-selective D-receptor blocker)
3. Metoclopramide (selective D2-receptor blocker)
4. 5-HT3 antagonists like ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron and palonosetron
5. Benzodiazepines like lorazepam and alprazolam
6. Corticosteroids like dexamethasone and methylprednisolone
7. Neurokinin-1-receptor antagonists like aprepitant

Question 3

What the drugs used to treat emesis in pregnancy?

Answer 3

1.
A. 25mg pyridoxin three times a day (8-hourly)
B. 25mg doxylamine (anti-histamine) at night (24-hourly)
C. Combination of 25mg pyridoxin and 10mg doxylamine three times a day (8-hourly)
2. Chlorpromazine and prochlorperazine 25mg four times a day (6-hourly)
3. Promethazine 25mg six times a day (4-hourly)
4. Anti-histamine and anti-muscaranic drugs: diphenhydramine, meclizine and dimenhydrinat
5. Gastrokinetic agent: Metoclopramide

Question 4

What are the drugs used in the treatment of vomiting in motion sickness?

Answer 4

1. Scopolamine (anti-M)
2. Cyclizine (anti-H1)
3. Meclizine (anti-H1)
4. Promethazine (anti-H1)
5. Dimenhydrinate (anti-H1)