Clinical Microbiology 2 Flashcards
gastroenteritis
a syndrome characterised by GI symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and a bio discomfort
diarrhoea
frequent and/or fluid stool, at least three episodes a day
dysentery
blood and pus in the stools, usually abdominal pain and fever
enterocolitis
inflammation involving mucosa of both the large and small intestine
enrichment broth
contains nutrients that promote preferential growth of the pathogen
selective media
suppress growth of background flora while allowing growth of the pathogen
differential media
distinguishes mixed organisms on the same plate
salmonella and shigella species which are non-lactose fermenters using macConkeys agar
lactose fermenting appear pink - e.coli
non lactose fermenting appear yellow
why are antibiotics bad sometimes in the case of treatment of GI infections
may prolong symptom duration
may exacerbate symptoms
promotes emergence of antibiotic resistance
what are some steps that can be taken to break the chain of infection in GI infections
adequate public health measures
- safe clean drinking water
- power sewage disposal
Education in hygienic food preparation
- half hygiene
- avoid cross contamination
- cook foods properly
pasteurisation of milk and dairy products
Sensible travel food practises
- wash it, peel it, cook it or forget it
what are the three main GI infection causative agents
salmonella, campybacter, e.coli
vaginitis
change is discharge
dysuria
or menstrual bleeding
urethritis
penile discharge
dysuria
mental discomfort
epidiymo-orchitis
swollen painful testicle
PID
pelvic pain
fever
change in discharge
dyspareunia (painful sex)
proctitis
rectal discharge/pain/bleeding
