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AVS- Module 3 > Reproduction Anatomy > Flashcards

Reproduction Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Are are the three types of uteruses

A

Duplex
Bicornuate
Simplex

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2
Q

What animals have a duplex uterus

A

Opossum
Rabbit
Mouse

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3
Q

What is a duplex uterus

A

2 cervixes
NO uterine body
1-2 vaginas

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4
Q

What is a bicornuate uterus

A

1 cervix
Uterine body/ horns
1 vagina

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5
Q

What animals have a bicorunate uterus

A

Cow
Sow
Ewe
Bitch

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6
Q

What animals have a simplex uterus

A

Primate

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7
Q

What is a simplex uterus

A

1 cervix
Uterine body
NO uterine horns
1 vagina

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8
Q

True or False: mice have uterine horns

A

False

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9
Q

True or False: a duplex uterus has a uterine body

A

False

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10
Q

True or False: a bicornuate uterus has a uterine body

A

True

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11
Q

What is special about a sow’s uterus?

A

They have extremely long uterine horns for multiple births(litter)

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12
Q

What holds uterine horns?

A

Broad ligaments

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13
Q

Function of annular rings

A

Has to remain open to expel offspring or to allow sperm cells to pass through

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14
Q

Types of cervical differences

A

Annular rings
Longitudinal folds
Interdigitating prominences

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15
Q

Which animals have annular rings

A

Cow
Ewe

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16
Q

Which animal has longitudinal folds

A

Mare

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17
Q

Which animal has interdigitating prominences

A

Sow

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18
Q

True or False: only the left side of the reproductive tract in birds is developed

A

True

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19
Q

Vulva function

A

Outer covering

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20
Q

Labia function

A

Interior of vulva
Acts as a seal
Real protection

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21
Q

Clitoris

A

Similar to glans penis in males

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22
Q

Vagina

A

Interior
Bladder stems off

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23
Q

Cervix

A

Beyond vagina
Made of cartilage

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24
Q

Uterus

A

Semen deposited in AI
Where baby grows

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25
Q

Where do bull and sheep ejaculate

A

Vagina

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26
Q

Where do boars ejaculate

A

Cervix

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27
Q

Ovidcut

A

Extends from horns to ovaries

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28
Q

Where does the embryo float around until implantation

A

Oviduct

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29
Q

What are the 3 parts of the oviduct

A

Isthmus
Ampulla
infundibulum

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30
Q

What does the infundibulum do

A

Captures ovulated eggs

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31
Q

Ampullary- Isthmic junction

A

Where fertilization occurs
Btwn isthmus and ampulla

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32
Q

Uterotubal junction function

A

Helps ensure survival of the fittest to sperm

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33
Q

How many sperm will pass through the uterotubal junction

A

A few hundred

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34
Q

What hormones do the ovaries produce

A

Estrogen
Progesterone(P4)

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35
Q

What are the 3 basic structures of the ovaries

A

Follicle
Corpus luteum
Corpus albicans

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36
Q

Follicle function

A

Contains maturing egg

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37
Q

What happens when a follicle is fully mature?

A

Ruptures then releases egg

38
Q

Corpus luteum function

A

Tissue that develops on ovary where an ovum has been shed

39
Q

What happens to the CL when conception occurs?

A

Becomes functional and produces progesterone

40
Q

What comes before the corpus luteum?

A

Corpus hemorrhagicum

41
Q

Corpus albicans function

A

Tiny scars
Forms after CL lyses

42
Q

How are follicles classified

A

Normal
Atretic

43
Q

What does normal mean in context of follicles

A

Healthy

44
Q

What does arteric mean in context of follicles

A

Degenerating

45
Q

Where is the embryo embedded

A

Endometrium

46
Q

What environment is ripe for infection in the uterus

A

Endometrium

47
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

48
Q

What is optimal sperm production

A

2-3 degrees below temperature

49
Q

Where do mammalian testes originate

A

Kidneys

50
Q

Which animals’ testes do not descend at birth

A

Whale
Dolphins
Pachyderms
Armadillo
Birds

51
Q

Scrotum

A

Thermosensor
Protective sac

52
Q

Spermatic cord

A

Contains testicular artery
Spermatic vein
Nerves
Vas deferens
External and internal cremaster muscle

53
Q

External Cremaster and tunica dartos muscle

A

Regulates temperature by moving testes closer to or farther from body wall

54
Q

Pampiniform plexus

A

Heat exchange
Testosterone exchange
Pulse pressure eliminator

55
Q

What does a lower scrotum affect blood pressure

A

Higher bp

56
Q

Sheath

A

Correct angulation desired

57
Q

What muscles function is lost with castration

A

Tunica Dartos

58
Q

What emotions does cremaster muscle deal with

A

Fear
Excitement

59
Q

True or False: pampiniform is necessary for testosterone

A

False. It’s necessary for spermatogenesis

60
Q

What produces testosterone

A

Testes

61
Q

What produces sperm cells

A

Testes

62
Q

What does a vasectomy get rid of

A

Sperm, but not testosterone

63
Q

Epididymus

A

Collects and stores sperm

64
Q

Parts of epididymus

A

Head
Body
Tail

65
Q

What do the head and body of the epididymus do

A

Prepares sperm to be mature

66
Q

What does the tail of the epididymus do

A

Stores Sperm

67
Q

List secondary sex organs

A

Vas deferens
Urethra
Penis

68
Q

Vas deferens function

A

Passageway did sperm/ejaculate mix
Causes ejaculation(peristalsis)

69
Q

Urethra function

A

Passageway for semen and urine

70
Q

Penis function

A

Organ of copulation

71
Q

Which animals have a fibroelastic penis

A

Boar
Bull
Ram

72
Q

Which animals have a vascular penis

A

Horse
Dog
Man

73
Q

Parts of the shaft

A

Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum

74
Q

Corpus cavernosum function

A

Spongy
Erectile tissue
A majority of shaft

75
Q

Corpus spongiosum

A

Around penile urethra

76
Q

What are at the ends of a cat’s gland penis

A

Spikes

77
Q

What are at the ends of a boar’s gland penis

A

Corkscrew

78
Q

Prepuce

A

Foreskin

79
Q

What does viagra block

A

PDE5

80
Q

What does viagra prolong

A

cGMP

81
Q

Accessory sex glands(3)

A

Prostate
Bulbourethral(cowpers)
Seminal vesicles

82
Q

What do accessory glands contribute(3)

A

Seminal fluid volume
Support nutrition of sperm
pH buffers

83
Q

Seminal vesicles function

A

Large volume of liquid
Flushes urethra
Sperm transport

84
Q

True or False: seminal vesicles contain fructose

A

True

85
Q

Prostate gland function

A

Stimulate sperm activity

86
Q

Bulbourethral or Cowper’s gland function

A

Provides lubrication and cleansing fluid prior to ejaculation

87
Q

What is sperm production controlled by

A

FSH

88
Q

What stimulates testosterone production

A

LH

89
Q

How long does it take for sperm mature

A

50-60 days

90
Q

Cryptorchid definition

A

Testicles didn’t descend when needed

AVS- Module 3 (4 decks)

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