Chapter 16 - Stimulus Discrimination Flashcards
Kenny had trouble learning how to pronounce 1776, so his teacher praised “seventeen seventy six” and ignored “seventy seventy six.” In a few days, Kenny was saying it right. What procedure is the teacher using to teach Kenny the correct pronunciation? __________
differential reinforcement
Professor Tod always made positive comments about statements Gene made. Professor Rose rarely had a reaction. Gene talked a lot to Professor Tod, and he talked only a little to Professor Rose. Professor Rose is what kind of stimulus for talking to him? __________
S-delta
Jonah had three goldfish. He played a game with his friend Robert to see if Robert could name his goldfish. If he called the big goldfish “whale,” Jonah praised him but ignored him if he called the big goldfish “Tiny.” If he called the small goldfish “Tiny,” Jonah praised him but not if he called the small goldfish “Whale.” What procedure was Jonah using? __________
discrimination training
A stimulus that occurs before a behavior and increases the rate of the behavior is called a(n) [a] A stimulus that occurs after a behavior and increases the rate of the behavior is called a(n) [b]
SD; reinforcer
If a stimulus that precedes a behavior is present, extinction will occur for that behavior if the stimulus is a(n) __________.
s-delta
Doug got a lot of attention of he was reading a mechanics book, but his father ignored him if he was reading anything else. Doug became an avid reader of mechanics books. What procedure increased Doug’s reading of mechanics books? __________
discrimination training
Define stimulus control
The increased probability of a discriminated behavior that is exerted by a stimulus (the SD).
Johnny made many baby noises. However, when he said “Dada,” his parents paid a lot of attention to him. When he made other sounds, they ignored him. He came to say “Dada” a lot. What behavioral procedure accounts for Johnny saying “Dada” a lot? __________
differential reinforcement
what is discriminated behavior
behavior that is more likely to occur in the presence of SD than s-delta
A discriminative stimulus (SD) is a stimulus that precedes a behavior and is present only if what procedure will be applied to the behavior: __________.
reinforcement
Jeff swears a lot around the dorm but doesn’t swear much at home. His dorm friends encourage swearing; his parents don’t. What procedure accounts for the fact that Jeff swears more in the dorm that at home? __________
discrimination training
If the question “What is two two plus two?” always gets Ward to say “four,” then we say that the question exerts __________ over the behavior?
stimulus control
Explain the difference between discrimination training and differential reinforcement.
Discrimination training involves reinforcing a behavior in one situation and extinguishing it in others (two or more stimulus situations and one behavior). Differential reinforcement involves reinforcing one behavior and extinguishing others in the same stimulus situation (one stimulus situation and two behaviors).
When a person is more likely to emit a particular behavior in the presence of the SD than in the presence of the S-delta, we call the behavior __________.
discriminate
Sheila was trying to become more assertive around men. When she was assertive with Bill, he responses favorably. When she was assertive with Ken, he ignored her. As a result, Sheila became more assertive around Bill but not Ken. The increased probability of assertive behavior in the presence of Bill means that Bill has come to exert __________ over her assertive behavior.
stimulus control
