26 compounds containing carbonyl group Flashcards
what is a carbonyl group?
C=O
what is the suffix for aldehydes?
-al
what is the suffix for ketones?
-one
why do carbonyl compounds have higher boiling points than molecules like alkanes?
C=O is polar meaning it has permanent dipole dipole forces which are stronger than Van de Waals forces
are ketones and aldehydes soluble? why?
shorter chains are as H bonds form between the water and the oxygen on the carbonyl compound
are carbonyl compounds reactive? why?
yes because it is polar so nucleophilic reagents can attack the C
what does CN act in a reaction with a ketone and an aldehyde?
nucleophile
what does the CN attack in a reaction with a ketone and an aldehyde?
the partially positive carbon that is double bonded to the oxygen
what is a carboxyl group?
COOH
what is a hydroxyl group?
O-H
how do you name carboxylic acids?
longest chain-oic acid
is the carboxyl group always carbon 1 or always the last carbon?
carbon 1
what type of acid is a carboxylic acid?
weak
what do carboxylic acids do due to the fact that they are weak acids?
partially dissociate and form an equilibrium reaction
where does equilibrium lie in reactions starting with carboxylic acids?
to the left
