L13) Bones Flashcards
Define Osteology
The study of bone
Define Osteogenesis
The formation of bone
Define Osteomyelitis
An infection within bone
Define Osteopathy
A disease of the bone
Define Osteoporosis
Weak bone
Define Osteosarcoma
A cancer originating from bone forming cells
What is the structure of skeleton ?
Made of 206 named bones in 2 categories:
Axial skeleton: 80
Appendicular skeleton: 126
What is the mechanical function of bone ?
Protect important and delicate tissues and organs
Provide a framework for the overall shape of the human body
Form the basis of levers involved in movement
What is the synthetic function of bone ?
Haemopoiesis (holds and protects red bone marrow)
What is the metabolic function of bone?
Mineral storage (calcium and phosphorus)
Fat storage (yellow bone marrow)
Acid-base homeostasis (absorbs or releases alkaline salts to help regulate blood pH)
What are the 2 types of bone in the body ?
Cancellous bone ( spongy bone )
Compact bone ( cortical bone )
What is the function of cancellous bone ?
Forms a network of fine bony columns or plates called trabeculae to combine strength with lightness. The spaces are filled by bone marrow.
What is the function of compact bone ?
Forms the external surfaces of ‘named bones’ and comprises ca. 80% of the body’s skeletal mass
What does compact bone form ?
Forms the external surfaces
What does cancellous bone form ?
Forms the fine trabeculae of the internal space.
