formative 3- immunology

Question 1

What are the two types of immune response in humans?

Answer 1

Innate and acquired

Question 2

Which antigen presenting cell is considered a professional at activating lymphocytes?

Answer 2

Dendritic cells

Question 3

What does the “19” in “COVID-19” refer to?

Answer 3

The coronavirus and the disease it causes were identified in 2019

Question 4

Polysaccharide vaccines are composed of long chains of sugar molecules that make up the surface capsule of certain bacteria. These vaccines are available for the treatment of which diseases?

Answer 4

Pneumococcal disease
Salmonella Typhi
Meningococcal disease

Question 5

Antigen presenting cells process and present antigens for recognition by

Answer 5

T cells

Question 6

Influenza vaccine is targeted towards ‘at risk’ groups in the UK. What is classified as ‘at risk’?

Answer 6

6 months of age and over

Question 7

Which diseases are administered as a live attenuated vaccine in the UK

Answer 7

MMR
BCG (TB)

Question 8

What are features of the adaptive immune response?

Answer 8

Lectin type molecules
Unmethylated CpG sequences

Question 9

What cell type is described below?
These are the most abundant white blood cell in humans and are characterised by the multi-lobed shape of their nucleus.

Answer 9

Neutrophil

Question 10

What is not a component of innate immune mechanisms?

Answer 10

Antibody production

Question 11

Pattern recognition receptors include

Answer 11

Chemoattraction of leukocytes
Phagocytosis

Question 12

What are examples of classical PAMPs?

Answer 12

Flagellin, a protein found in bacterial flagella
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
Peptidoglycan, found in bacterial cell walls
Lipoarabinomannan of mycobacteria