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Rad. positioning > chapter 8 Pelvis and Hip > Flashcards

chapter 8 Pelvis and Hip Flashcards

1
Q

The _____ serves as a base for the trunk and a girdle for the attachment of the lower limbs?

A

Pelvis

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2
Q

The pelvis consists of what 4 bones?

A

2 hip bones
sacrum
coccyx

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3
Q

the pelvic ______ is composed of only the 2 hip bones.

A

Girdle

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4
Q

The hip bone is often referred to as the

A

os coxae or innominate bone

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5
Q

The hip bone consists of the

A

Ilium
pubis
ischium

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6
Q

The 3 bones in the hip join together to form the

A

acetabulum

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7
Q

the ________ is the cup-shaped socket that receives the head of the femur.

A

Acetabulum

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8
Q

The _____, ______, and _______ are separated by cartilage in children but become fused into one bone in adults.

A

Ilium
pubis
ischium

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9
Q

The hip bone is divided further into 2 distinct areas called

A

illiopubic column
illioischial column

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10
Q

the 2 columns in the hip are used to identify fractures around the _________.

A

Acetabulum

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11
Q

The ilium consists of a _____ and a broad curved portion called the ____.

A

Body
Ala

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12
Q

The anterior and posterior borders of the Ala present ___ prominent projections

A

4

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13
Q

The 4 prominent projections on the Ala are

A

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Anterior Inferior iliac spine
Posterior superior iliac spine
Posterior inferior iliac spine

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14
Q

The superior margin extending from the ASIS to the posterior superior iliac spine is called the

A

iliac crest

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15
Q

What does the pubis consists of?

A

a body
superior ramus
inferior ramus

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16
Q

What does the ischium consist of?

A

a body
ischial ramus

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17
Q

The rami of the pubis and ischium enclose the

A

Obturator Foramen

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18
Q

The articulation between the acetabulum and the head of the femur is called

A

Hip joint

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19
Q

The pubes of the hip bones articulate with each other at the anterior midline of the body, forming a joint called the

A

pubic symphysis

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20
Q

The right and left ilia articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the ________ joints

A

Sacroiliac (SI)

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21
Q

The ________ pelvis is lighter in structure than the _________ pelvis.

A

Female
Male

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22
Q

The female pelvis is shaped for _________ and _________.

A

Childbearing
Delivery

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23
Q

The pelvis is divided into _____ portions.

A

2

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24
Q

The boundary line that divided the pelvis is called

A

Brim of the Pelvis

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25
Q

The region above the brim of the pelvis is called

A

false or greater pelvis

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26
Q

The region below the brim of the pelvis is called

A

true or lesser pelvis

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27
Q

The brim of the pelvis forms the _______ ________ or inlet, of the true pelvis

A

Superior Aperture

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28
Q

The region between the inlet and outlet is called

A

Pelvic cavity

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29
Q

For an AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora, the feet and lower limbs should be _________ rotated approximately ____ to ____ degrees.

A

Medially
15 to 20 degrees

30
Q

The heels should be places approximately ___ to ___ inches apart when doing an AP pelvis?

A

8-10

31
Q

Which bones form the pelvis?

A

Two hip bones
sacrum
coccyx

32
Q

which three names refer to the major bone that makes up the right and left half of the pelvis?

A

ilium
pubis
ischium

33
Q

which two prominent structures found on the ilium are frequently used as radiographic positioning reference points?

A

Pubic symphysis
ASIS

34
Q

Which bone/portion of the hip bone consists of a body and two rami?

A

Pubis

35
Q

what part of the hip bone forms the broad, curved portion called the ala?

A

Ilium

36
Q

what bones of the hip bones form the Obturator Foramen?

A

Ischium and pubis

37
Q

What structure of the hip bone is formed by the fusion of 3 bones?

A

Acetabulum

38
Q

what structures form the posterior part of the pelvis?

A

Sacrum and coccyx

39
Q

which gender has a pelvis with a larger and more rounded outlet?

A

Female

40
Q

Which gender has a broader and shallower pelvis?

A

Female

41
Q

Which 2 large processes are located at the proximal end of the femur?

A

Greater Trochanter
Lesser Trochanter

42
Q

name the 2 areas of the proximal femur that are common sites for fractures in elderly patients.

A

Femoral neck
Intertrochanteric crest

43
Q

what are the 3 major articulation of the pelvis?

A

pubic symphysis
hip joint
SI joint

44
Q

what are 2 palpable bony points of localization for the hip joint?

A

ASIS
Superior margin of the pubic symphysis

45
Q

In the seated position, the weight of the body rests on 2 ischial _________.

A

Tuberosities

46
Q

The highest point of the greater trochanter is in the same transverse plane as the midpoint of the

A

Hip Joint

47
Q

what other name commonly refers to the AP Oblique projection, modified Cleaves method?

A

Bilateral frog leg

48
Q

How should the CR be directed for the Lauenstein method of a lateral hip projection?

A

Perpendicularly

49
Q

what are 2 common names used to denote the axiolateral projection (Daneluid- Miller method) of the hip?

A

Cross table lateral
Surgical lateral

50
Q

To demonstrate the pubic and ischial rami without foreshortening, the _______ method should be used.

A

Taylor (AP axial “outler”)

51
Q

The superioinferior axial “inlet” projection (Bridgmen method) requires the CR be directed ____ degrees.

A

40 caudad

52
Q

What is the respiration phase for AP pelvis?

A

suspend

53
Q

what size exposure field is used for AP pelvis?

A

10x12in

54
Q

What is shown in profile if the lower limbs are in correct position for AP pelvis?

A

Greater Trochanters

55
Q

for AP pelvis the CR is

A

perpendicular to femoral neck

56
Q

Where is the IR centered for AP pelvis?

A

to the CR

57
Q

IR positioning for the Danelius-Miller

A

IR vertical, upper border in the soft tissue crease above iliac crest, angle IR away from the body so its parallel with femoral neck,

58
Q

what is the Leg rotation on the Danelius-Miller

A

medially rotate the foot and lower limb of affected leg 15-20 degrees

59
Q

Where is the CR on the Judet method internal oblique?

A

perpendicular to IR and entering 2in. inferior to the ASIS of the affected side

60
Q

The ilia articulates with the sacrum posteriorly at the

A

sacaroilliac joint

61
Q

Where should the top of the IR be placed for an AP of the femur including the hip joint?

A

level of the ASIS

62
Q

How many degrees is the lower limbs medially rotated for an AP of the femur?

A

10 - 15 degrees

63
Q

On the posterior aspect of the distal femur, the femoral condyles are separated by a deep depression called

A

Intercondylar Fossa

64
Q

How is the lower limb and foot for an AP hip?

A

medially rotated approx. 15-20 degrees

65
Q

The CR for an AP hip is

A

Perpendicular to the femoral neck

66
Q

For the AP hip, using the localizing technique, the CR is

A

approx. 2.5in. distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis

67
Q

The collimation field for an AP hip is

A

10x12 in

68
Q

What method is used for a bilateral hip fracture?

A

Clements-Nakayama modificaton (modified axiolateral projection)

69
Q

what type of joint is the SI joint?

A

synovial
irregular gliding
slightly moveable

70
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

Synovial
ball and socket
freely moveable

Rad. positioning (11 decks)

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