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Ultrasonography > Liver > Flashcards

Liver Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of liver

A

amino acids -> urea & glucose
stores glycogen from glucose
manu heparin
secrete bile

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2
Q

[..] broken down to produce bile pigment

A

RBC

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3
Q

2 types of bile

A

bilirubin - yellowish- orange
biliverdin [oxidized] - green

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4
Q

blood supply of liver

A

30% hepatic artery
70% portal vein

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5
Q

venous drain of liver

A

hepatic vein

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6
Q

largest solid organ

A

liver

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7
Q

covering of liver, shield the portal triad

A

Glisson’s capsule

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8
Q

T/F 1.6 kg M , 1.4 kg F liver

A

T

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9
Q

portal triad

A

portal vein
hepatic artery
CBD

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10
Q

liver divisions

A

left lobe - med and lat seg
right lobe - ant and pot seg
caudate lobe - smallest lobe

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11
Q

3 fossae of right lobe of liver

A

GB, portahepatic, IVC

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12
Q

liver ligament that connects posterior liver to diaphragm

A

coronary ligament

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13
Q

liver ligament that attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall
separate R and L sphrenic spaces

A

falciform ligament

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14
Q

liver ligament that connects lesser curvature of stomach to liver

A

gastrohepatic ligament

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15
Q

liver ligament that connects liver to proximal duodenum

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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16
Q

liver ligament that connects liver to body wall

A

triangular ligament

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17
Q

liver ligament lies within the falciform ligament
“fetal umbilical vein”

A

ligamentum teres

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18
Q

liver spaces

A

morrison pouch
subhepatic pouch
subphrenic pouch

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19
Q

pouch located lateral to R lobe anterior to R kidney

A

Morison Pouch

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20
Q

space located b/w inferior edge of R lobe and ant to R kidney

A

subhepatic space

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21
Q

space located b/w diaphragm and superior border of liver

A

subphrenic space

22
Q

T/F Liver is an intraperitoneal organ

A

T

23
Q

lobe inferior to diaphragm

A

left lobe

24
Q

lobe anterior to R kidney

A

right lobe

25
Q

liver abdominal location

A

right hypochondriac region, midclavicular line

26
Q

extension of R lobe INFERIOR and ant to lower pole of R kidney

A

Reidel’s Lobe

27
Q

hepatomegaly length

A

> 18 cm

28
Q

liver sono app

A

homogenous moderately echog
smooth parenchyma
blood vessels -anechoic

29
Q

liver echog in relation to:
kidney
spleen

A

> kidney

<spleen

30
Q

Liver Survey

A

longit
axial

31
Q

non specific reaction t hepatocyte injury, obesity, alcohol abuse, diabetes, and drugs

A

Fatty Disease (diffuse hd)

32
Q

types of fatty disease

A

diffuse fatty liver - entire
focal fatty liver- lobar/segmental
focal fatty sparing - no pattern

33
Q

hepatomegaly - liver enlargement
causes:
[..]

A
  1. vascular congestion - CHD
  2. infection (Hepa)
  3. tumors
34
Q

uts findings of hepatomegaly

A
  1. length of R lobe
  2. rounding of L lobe hepatic edge
  3. liver edge extending to pelvic bone
35
Q

normal in thin females, extension of R lobe up to iliac crest

A

Reidel’s Lobe

36
Q

Hepa Types

A

A - fecal/oral
B - sexual/blood
C - blood
D - same w/ B
E - water borne/oral
G - blood

37
Q

UTS finding of acute hepatitis

A

“starry sky”

38
Q

UTS findings of chronic hepatitis

A

normal until cirrhosis develops
decrease parenchymal echog
increased echoes in portal triad

39
Q

end stage liver disease
final common pathway of liver injury

A

Cirrhosis

40
Q

MC Causes of cirrhosis

A

alcohol abuse
viral hepatitis B and C

41
Q

parenchyma and architecture is destroyed irregularly defined

A

cirrhosis

42
Q

Passive Hepatice congestion is seen in the ff conditions:

A

constructive pericarditis
pulmonary HPN
CHF congestive heart failure

43
Q

UTS Findings: carvernous hemangiomas

A
  1. hyper or echo nodular lesions
  2. vascular lesion that does not change size over time
44
Q

CAUSES of Abscess

A
  1. complications from biliary tract infection
  2. sepsis
  3. trauma
45
Q

UTS Findings Abscess

A
  1. thick walled, irreg
  2. hypo then ane [lysis]
  3. air is common
46
Q

blood from abdominal injuries

A

liver hematoma

47
Q

UTS Findings: liver hematoma

A
  1. variable: age and evol of hemat
  2. fresh clots - echog
  3. septations common
48
Q

Caused by Ca2+ deposits

A

hepatic calcifications

49
Q

CAUSES of hepatic calcifications

A
  1. granulomatous disease
  2. cavernous hemangiomas
  3. metastasis
50
Q

primary sites of liver metastasis
stage IV

A

stomach, liver, breast, colon, pancreas

51
Q

[2] malignant liver lesions

A

hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatic metastasis

Ultrasonography (10 decks)

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