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Sem 1-AHEAD_Cyber_Security > FCS - Week 2 > Flashcards

FCS - Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a computer architecture ?

A

Rules for defining the functionalities of a computer.
Computer Architecture comprises logical functions such as instruction sets, registers, data types, and addressing modes. Computer Organization

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2
Q

What is the difference between computer architecture and Computer Organisation ?

A

Computer Architecture deals with the functional behavior of computer systems. Computer Organization deals with a structural relationship.

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3
Q

What are the types of Computer Architecture ?

A
  1. Instruction set architecture
  2. Micro Architecture
  3. Logic design
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4
Q

What are the components of CPU ?

A
  1. ALU
  2. Control unit
  3. Registers
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5
Q

What is the function of ALU ?

A

ALU performs operations on data such as, addition
, subtraction etc

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6
Q

What is the function of control unit ?

A

The main function of a control unit is to fetch the data from the main memory, determine the devices and the operations involved with it, and produce control signals to execute the operations. It helps the computer system in the process of carrying out the stored program instructions.

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7
Q

Types of registers in CPU ?

A

Fast storage location that hold data temporarrily
1. Special purpose registers
2. General purpose registers

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8
Q

What are the special types of Registers ?

A
  1. MAR - Memory address register ,Holds Address
  2. MDR - Memory data register ,holds data
  3. IR - instruction register, holds currently being executed
  4. PC - Program Counter - points to the next instruction that is to be fetched from memory
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9
Q

What are BUS ?

A

Group of wires which carries information between CPU and peripherals

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10
Q

What are the types of buses ?

A

Three Types of buses we have:
1. Data bus
2. Address bus
3. Control bus

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11
Q

What is stored program concept ?

A

Storing programs along with data in main memory

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12
Q

What are the steps for multiplying two numbers in computer system ?

A

Listen the Audio

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13
Q

What is instruction set architecture ISA ?

A

An instruction set is a group of commands for a central processing unit (CPU) in machine language.

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14
Q

What are the two types of CPU architectures ?

A

RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computer
* Minimal set of instructions
* Such machines are efficient fast and less expensive to manufacture

CISC - Complex Instruction Set Computer
* Large number of complex no sections
* More Complex CPU can better cope with the ever increasing complexities of today’s software

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15
Q

Define instruction format of CPU ?

A

The instruction format is an 16-bit value , combined with operation code and operand.
Opcode specifies the operation executed by the instruction.
Operand field specifies the data or memory location

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16
Q

What are the fields in instruction format ?

A

There are two fields in instruction format
Opcode and Operand

17
Q

What are the types of instruction format ?

A

We have four types of instruction format:
1. Three address instruction
2. Two address instruction
3. One address instruction - Result is stored in Accumulator Register
4. Zero address instruction

18
Q

What are the different types of instructions ?

A
  1. Data transfer instructions
  2. Arithmetic/ Logic instructions
  3. Control instructions
19
Q

What is data transfer instructions ?

A

Data transfer instructions consists of instructions that requires the movement of data from one location to another.
These locations can be memory locations, processor registers, register in the input output subsystem. A memory location can be identified by a symbolic name the data transfer instruction
Special turned are used when referring to the transfer of data between CPU and the main memory, examples are
LOAD - request to fill a general purpose register with the content of memory.
STORE - transfer the content of the register to memory cell

20
Q

What is arithmetic/logic instructions ?

A

Instructions that direct the ALU to perform some Arithmetic or logic operations, Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
Boolean operations likeAND,OR,XOR etc

21
Q

What is control instructions ?

A

Control instructions direct the execution of program rather than the manipulation of data.
Jump instruction are to direct CPU to jump to another instruction. Jump instructions are of two types
1. Unconditional jump
2. Conditional jump

22
Q

What is the example of three address instruction ?

A
23
Q

Encoding of instructions

A
24
Q

Decoding of instruction

A
25
Q

What is program execution steps ?

A

Program execution is in three step process, it is also called machine cycle
1. Fetch the Instruction from the memory
2. Decode an instructions
3. Execute the instructions
Instruction register(IR) & program counter register(PC) participate in the process of execution of the program

26
Q

What is machine cycle .

A

Three step process of program execution is called machine cycle

27
Q

Example of program execution as Stored Program Concept ?

A
28
Q

Instruction fetch cycle Phase 1

A
29
Q

Instruction fetch cycle Phase 2

A
30
Q

What is 8085 MPU ?

A

It means 8085 micro processor unit

31
Q

What is the internal architecture of 8085 microprocessor unit

A

The internal architecture of the 8085 is capable of performing the following operations:
1. Store 8 bit data (registers, accumulatr)
2. It can perform arithmetic and logic operations
3. It can test for if else conditions
4. It can sequence the execution of instructions
5. Store temporary data in RAM during execution

32
Q

What are three Building Blocks of a Computer ?

A

Three Building Blocks of a Computer are,
1.CPU
2.Memory
3. I/O Unit

33
Q

What is the Address bus size in 8085 CPU ?

A

16 bitUni Directional

34
Q

What is the Data Bus & Control Bus size in 8085 CPU ?

A

8 bit

Sem 1-AHEAD_Cyber_Security (27 decks)

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