FCS - Week 1

Question 1

Characteristics of computer ?

Answer 1

1. Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Versatility - multiple type of work
4. Diligency - never tired
5. Reliability - not forget anything
6. Automation

Question 2

Types of software

Answer 2

1. System softwares
2. Application software
3. Utility software - computer system related software or system utilities

Question 3

Evolution of computers

Answer 3

1. Abacus - 500BC
2. Pascaline - 1642 Blaise Pascal (French Matmatician)
3. Stepped Reckoner - 1971 , Gottfried von Leibniz (GermaN mathmatician),modified pascaline with multiplications, divisions and square roots
4. Difference Engine -1822 Charles Babbage , MechanicaL model , solve algebric expressions , able to create tables up to 28 digits
5. Analytical Engine

Question 4

What is the earliest device of computing

Answer 4

Abacus . Invented around 500BC, simple addition and subtraction is carried out

Question 5

What is the first mechanical calculator machine

Answer 5

Pascaline

Question 6

Who is called the father of computer

Answer 6

Charles Babbage

Question 7

What are the Generations of computers ?

Answer 7

Computers are classified into five generations
based on the technology used as they work and their size

Question 8

What is the first generation of computers ?

Answer 8

1940-1956
Technology - vacuum tubes
Size - very large
Example - ENIAC,UNIVAC
Language - Machine Language

Punched cards are used, output on printouts

Cons - generate heat, consume high electricity,
Magnetic drums are used for secondary storage

Question 9

What is the second generation of computers

Answer 9

1956-1963
Technology - Transistors
Size- is smaller compared to 1st generation
Example - IBM 1620, UNIVAC 1108
Language- assembly language & machine language

Question 10

What is the third generation of computers ?

Answer 10

1964-1971
Technology - integrated circuits or ICs
Size - smaller compared to first two generations
Example - IBM 360, Honeywell 6000
Language - high level languages like ALGOL, BASIC,C

Question 11

What is the fourth generation of computers ?

Answer 11

1971-1980
Technology - LSI & VLSI chips
Size - smaller
Example - IBM ,Apple Macintosh , Intel 4004 Series
Language - C, C++,Java

Question 12

What is the fifth generation of computers ?

Answer 12

1980- on words, based on artificial intelligence
Technology - ULSI
Size - smaller
Example - laptops , supercomputers
Language- Mercury

Question 13

Classification of computers based on logic ?

Answer 13

computers are of two types :
1. Analogue computers
2. Digital computers
Analogue computers Features - works on mechanical motion or flow of electricity, process continuous data, Limited memory, less accurate

Question 14

What are hybrid computers ?

Answer 14

Hybrid computers are combination of analogue and digital computers , analogue input data is converted to digital data

Question 15

Classification of computer based on size ?

Answer 15

1. Micro computers - personal computer
2. Mini computers
3. Mainframe computers
4. Supercomputers

Question 16

Basic operations of in computer

Answer 16

1. Input operation
2. Data storage
3. Processing
   4 output
4. Controlling

Question 17

A typical computer system consists of ?

Answer 17

1. CPU
2. Memory
3. Input output interface

Question 18

What is CPU and what is consists of ?

Answer 18

Central Processing Unit, consists of ALU,CU,& Registers

Question 19

Who connect the components of CPU ?

Answer 19

Buses Are used to interconnect
Data Bus
Address bus
Control bus

Question 20

How many types of bus ?

Answer 20

Address bus, data bus, control bus

Question 21

What is the brain of computer system ?

Answer 21

CPU is the brain of computer system

Question 22

What is the function of ALU ?

Answer 22

execute instructions, perform arithmetic and logic operations

Question 23

What is the function of control unit ?

Answer 23

Control unit controls the whole computer system, control the transfer of data and instructions among other units

Question 24

What are registers ?

Answer 24

Temporary storage areas

Question 25

What are the building blocks of computer ?

Answer 25

Central Processing Unit Input output unit primary storage, secondary storage

Question 26

Types of memory in computer system

Answer 26

1. Cache memory 2. Primary memory 3. Secondary memory

Question 27

Types of primary memory or main memory

Answer 27

1. RAM - Random Access Memory 2. ROM - read only memory

Question 28

What is cache memory

Answer 28

Cache memory resides between main memory and CPU, also known as CPU memory

Question 29

What are the difference between static and dynamic Ram

Answer 29

Static RAM uses transistors Dynamic Ram uses capacitive and transistors

Question 30

Example of volatile memory

Answer 30

ROM is volatile memory

Question 31

What are the different types of ROM ?

Answer 31

PROM - Programmmable ROM EPROM - Electrically Programmable ROM EEPROM - electrically erasable Programmable ROM, erased byte by byte Flash EPROM -enter device is not the required by it

Question 32

What is the different name of secondary storage

Answer 32

Secondary storage is also known as auxiliary memory, it is an non volatile memory

Question 33

What is the spell of memory

Answer 33

Memory cell is used in in main memory it countries consists of 8 bits

Question 34

What is most significant bit

Answer 34

In a memory cell of 8 bits leftmost bit is most significant bit

Question 35

What is the least significant bit

Answer 35

In a memory cell of 8 bits right most best is least significant bit

Question 36

What is memory address ?

Answer 36

Each cell of memory is identified by an numeric address