2.4 Enzymes Flashcards
What is the turnover number of an enzyme?
The number of reactions that an enzyme molecule can catalyse per second
What are intracellular enzymes?
Enzymes that catalyse reactions within a cell
What is an example of an intracellular enzyme?
Catalase , 4 polypeptide chains and an iron haem group found in small vesicles in eukaryotic cells used to kill invading microbes
What are extracellular enzymes?
Secreted enzymes out of cells to react with substrates extracellularly
What is an example of an extracellular enzyme?
Amylase in salivary glands to digest polysaccharide starch to maltose, it also made in the pancreas.
What is a permanently bound cofactor called?
A prosthetic group
What is an example of a prosthetic group?
carbonic anhydrase has zinc ion on its active site. This enzyme is found in erythrocytes (red blood cells).
What are non-permanently bound cofactors?
Cofactors that can bind to the substrate or to the enzyme to make forming bonds easier
What are non-protein molecules that bind permanently to the active site?
Coenzymes
Which cofactor is altered during reactions?
Coenzymes
What are some examples of vitamin coenzymes?
B12, floci acid, nicotinamide, pantothenate, thiamine
What are the 2 theories for enzyme-substrate complexes?
Induced fit, lock-and-key
What is the temperature coefficient?
The increase in rate of a process when the temperature increases by 10 degrees Celsius
What is the role of buffers in pH control?
Can accept or give hydrogen ions when needed to keep a desired pH
How are you doing today?
Daily affirmation: Ur cool
