5.3 Neuronal Communication

Question 1

What sensory receptor detects a change in light intensity?

Answer 1

rods and cones in retina

Question 2

What sensory receptor detects a change in temperature?

Answer 2

hypothalamus and skin

Question 3

What sensory receptor detects a change in pressure on skin?

Answer 3

Pacinian corpuscle

Question 4

What sensory receptor detects a change in sound?

Answer 4

cochlea in ear

Question 5

What sensory receptors detect a change in movement?

Answer 5

hairs in inner ear

Question 6

What sensory receptors detect a change in lenght of muscle

Answer 6

muscle spindles in skeletal muscles

Question 7

What sensory receptors detect a change in chemicals in the air?

Answer 7

olfactory cells in nose

Question 8

What sensory receptors detect a change in food?

Answer 8

chemical receptors in taste buds

Question 9

What is it called when sodium ions enter a cell from pressure on a pacinian corpuscle?

Answer 9

generator potential

Question 10

How many sodium and potassium ions pass throguh the pump?

Answer 10

3 Na out and 2 K in

Question 11

What happens when there is a larger stimulus to the sodium channels?

Answer 11

more open

Question 12

Draw a motor neuron

Answer 12

key feature :
- cell body with dendrites around
- dendrites to axon transmission
- nodes of ranvier
- has an axon

Question 13

Draw a sensory neuronwh

Answer 13

key features:
- seperate cell body
- synaptic endings at acon
- dendron is a full thing

Question 14

draw a relay neuron

Answer 14

short

Question 15

What is myelin made of?

Answer 15

schwan cells

Question 16

what is the movement down a myelinated cell called?

Answer 16

saltatory propogation

Question 17

stages of an action potential

Answer 17

1. more NA ions out of cell, more K in
2. sodium ion channels open
3. depolarisation to threshold value (-50mv)
4. voltage gated sodium channels open
5. reaches +40mv
6. Na channels close and K open
7. K ions diffuse out
8. overshoots and becomes hyperpolarised
9. original restored

Question 18

what is the all or nothing law ?

Answer 18

same intensity

Question 19

what are synapses that use acetylcholine called?

Answer 19

cholinergic synapses

Question 20

what is the enzyme called that is for acetylcholine?

Answer 20

acetylcholinesterase

Question 21

what does acetylcholinesterase do?

Answer 21

converts acetylcholine into ethanoic acid and choline

Question 22

what is an EPSP

Answer 22

Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential

Question 23

when is summation reached?

Answer 23

when there is more than on EPSP

Question 24

What is it called when summation occurs from one pre-synaptic neuron?

Answer 24

temporal summation

Question 25

What is it called when summation occurs from more than one pre synaptic neuron?

Answer 25

spatial summation

Question 26

What is an IPSP

Answer 26

inhibtory post-synaptic potential