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a micro ana ii (theory) > Lect 1 (part 2) > Flashcards

Lect 1 (part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Basophil granulocytes

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2
Q

Size and life span of basophil granulocytes

A
  1. size (diameter) : 10-14 μm
  2. life span: 3-10 days
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3
Q

Basophil granulocytes have large granules stained with basic dyes contain____ (3)

A

heparin, histamine, slow reacting substance (SRS)

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4
Q

5 functions of basophil granulocytes

A
  1. inflammatory reactions (allergic symptoms)
  2. prevention of blood clotting too quickly (heparin, SRS)
  3. vasodilatation (histamine)
  4. release of vasoactive agents
  5. receptor for IgE
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5
Q

What type of cell is this?

A

Basophil granulocytes

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6
Q

Name of these cells

A

Lymphocytes

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7
Q

Name of this cell

A

Large granular lymphocte

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8
Q

Identify

A

1/ T lymphocyte
2/ B lymphocyte
3/ Plasma cell

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9
Q

Function of T lymphocyte

A

cell mediated immunity

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10
Q

2 functions of B lymphocyte

A

humoral immune response, Ig production (differentiate into plasma cell)

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11
Q

Function of Natural killer (1-3%)

A

killing infected or tumor cells by causing them to lyse (perforin)

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12
Q

T LYMPHOCYTE
-> What are the Sites of Development, maturation and activation?

A

bone marrow, thymus, lymphatic organs (T dependent area)

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13
Q

B LYMPHOCYTE
-> What are the Sites of Development, maturation and activation?

A

bone marrow, lymphatic organs (B dependent area)

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14
Q

Activation of lymphocytes

A
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15
Q

Identify

A

B lymphocyte

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16
Q

Identify

A

Plasma cell

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17
Q

Plasma cell is a derivative of ___

A

B lymphocytes

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18
Q

Formation of blood cells (hemopoiesis)
-> 3 phases of Intrauterine – fetal hemopoiesis?

A
  1. First or prehepatic phase – blood islands in the wall of yolk sac
  2. Second or hepatosplenothymic phase – move to liver and lymphatic tissues
  3. Third or medullolymphatic phase – bone marrow and lymphatic tissues
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19
Q

Formation of blood cells (hemopoiesis)
-> Adult hemopoiesis
-> What happen during Myelopoiesis - bone marrow?

A
  1. Erythropoiesis
  2. Granulocytopoiesis
  3. Monocytopoiesis
  4. Thrombocytopoiesis
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20
Q

Formation of blood cells (hemopoiesis)
-> Adult hemopoiesis
-> Sites of Lymphopoiesis?

A

bone marrow, lymphatic tissues

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21
Q

9 locations of Location of red bone marrow

A
  1. Carticular cartilage
  2. spongy bone
  3. compact bone
    4. medullary/marrow canal
  4. yellow bone marrow
  5. periosteum
  6. proximal epiphysis of long bones (femur, humerus)
  7. diaphysis
  8. distal epiphysis
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22
Q

There is a conversion of ___ to ___ marrow

A

Red to yellow

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23
Q

Which flat bones that you can find red bone marrow?

A

hip bone, sternum, skull, ribs, vertebrae

24
Q

Identify 1 - 3

A
  1. Adipose cell
  2. Adventitial cell
  3. Arterial capillary
25
Q

Identify 1 - 3

A
  1. Hematopoietic compartments
  2. Endothelial cell
  3. Megakaryocytes
26
Q

Identify

A
  1. Erythroblastic islet
  2. Penetration of megakaryocyte by white cell
27
Q

Composition of red bone marrow

A
  1. Stroma
  2. Specialized blood vessels
  3. Sponge like network of hemopoetic, reticular and other cells
  4. Some specific cell types
28
Q

What does stroma of red bone marrow cell include?

A
  1. reticular connective tissue
  2. Reticular (adventitial) cells and reticular fibers
29
Q

Composition of red bone marrow
-> Specialized blood vessels which are interposed between ___ and ___

A

arteries and veins

30
Q

What are cell types included in red bone marrow?

A

developing blood cells, megakaryocytes, macrophages, mast cells, plasma cells, fat cells

31
Q

What is Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC)?

A

pluripotential (true) stem cells

32
Q

What are some functions of Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC)?

A

self-renewal, enormous proliferation, differentiation into multiple cell lineage

33
Q

Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) can differentiate into multiple cell lineage
-> Name 2 types of cells that can be differentiated into

A
  1. Myeloid stem cell
  2. Lymphoid stem cell
34
Q

What types of stem cells are myeloid and lymphoid stem cells?

A

Multipotent stem cells

35
Q

What can myeloid stem cells differentiate into?

A

CFU - Gemm
(CFU - Colony Forming Unit Cells)

36
Q

What can lymphoid SC differentiate into?

A

B cell and T cell

37
Q

What type of cells are CFUs, B and T cells?

A

Progenitor cells

38
Q

The role of Colony Forming Unit Cells (CFU)?

A

proliferate and differentiate into precursor cells in the presence of appropriate growth factors

39
Q

Steps of Erythropoiesis

A

Synthesis and accumulation of hemoglobin
-> Basophilia → Eosinophilia
-> Extrusion of the nucleus → Reticulocyte
-> Mature erythrocyte

40
Q

Erythropoiesis
-> Identify

A

Reticulocyte

41
Q

Myeloid SC
-> What are some regulatory factors of Erythropoiesis?

A

erythropoetin (kidney, liver), Iron, Cobalt, C, B6, B12 vitamines

42
Q

The role of Erythropoetin

A
43
Q

Myeloid SC
-> Steps of Megakaryopoesis - thrombopoesis

A

Megacaryoblast
-> Promegakaryocyte
-> Megakaryocyte
-> Thrombocytes

44
Q

What is Platelet?

A

Platelet: irregularly shaped fragments of megacaryocytes

45
Q

What is the Regulatory factor of Megakaryopoesis - thrombopoesis?

A

thrombopoetin (liver)

46
Q

Steps of Granulopoiesis

A
47
Q

What are granulator factors of granulopoesis?

A

(GM-CSF, G-CSF, interleukine 3, 5,6, 11) stromal cells - macrophages, endothel, adventitial cells, fibrocytes, adipocytes

48
Q

Identify this type of cell

A

Myleoblast

49
Q

Identify this type of cell

A

Promyelocyte

50
Q

Identify this type of cell

A

Early neutrophilic myelocyte

51
Q

Identify this type of cell

A

Early basophilic myelocyte

52
Q

Steps of Monopoesis in YOLK SAC

A
53
Q

Steps of Monopoesis in FETAL LIVER

A
54
Q

Steps of Monopoesis in ADULT BONE MARROW

A
55
Q

Steps of Monopoesis in ADULT PERIPHERAL BLOOD

A
56
Q

Steps of Monopoesis in ADULT TISSUES

A

a micro ana ii (theory) (31 decks)

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